As-Safira

City in Syria

City in Aleppo, Syria

As-Safira السفيرة Sfireh, Sipri^[1]
City
36°04′N 37°22′E / 36.067°N 37.367°E / 36.067; 37.367
Country	Syria
Governorate	Aleppo
District	Al-Safira
Subdistrict	Al-Safira
Elevation	348 m (1,142 ft)
Population (2007 est.)
• Total	106,382
Time zone	UTC+2 (EET)
• Summer (DST)	+3

As-Safira (Arabic: السَّفِيْرَة / ALA-LC: as-Safīrah; Aleppo dialect: Sfīre) is a Syrian city administratively belonging to the Aleppo Governorate. It is the administrative center of the as-Safira District. As Safīrah has an altitude of 348 meters (1,142 ft), and a population of 106,382 as of 2007^[update], making it the 11th largest city per geographical entity in Syria.

Name

Medieval geographer Yaqut al-Hamawi spells the name Asfīrah^[2] (أسفيرة), not as-Safira (السفيرة), which indicates that the definite article in the modern spelling is a result of hypercorrection.

As-Safira was known in pre-Islamic times as Sipri.^[1] Historians^[3] have suggested that the name Sipri may have come from the Akkadian word siparru meaning "bronze", which might indicate that copper was mined and bronze was worked there.

History

Since ancient times the city has been the distribution point for salt gathered from the nearby Sabkhat al-Jabbul.

Archeological findings

The Sfire I Treaty which may contain 8th century BCE evidence of a deity called "Most High."

Geography

Climate

As-Safira has a cold semi-arid climate (Köppen climate classification: BSk).

Climate data for As Safira
Month	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year
Mean daily maximum °C (°F)	10.8 (51.4)	13.3 (55.9)	17.7 (63.9)	23.1 (73.6)	29.6 (85.3)	34.7 (94.5)	37.0 (98.6)	37.4 (99.3)	33.7 (92.7)	28.2 (82.8)	20.0 (68.0)	12.9 (55.2)	24.9 (76.8)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F)	1.8 (35.2)	2.6 (36.7)	5.2 (41.4)	8.9 (48.0)	13.6 (56.5)	17.9 (64.2)	20.5 (68.9)	20.7 (69.3)	16.9 (62.4)	12.1 (53.8)	6.6 (43.9)	3.5 (38.3)	10.9 (51.5)
Average precipitation mm (inches)	59 (2.3)	48 (1.9)	32 (1.3)	36 (1.4)	17 (0.7)	2 (0.1)	0 (0)	0 (0)	1 (0.0)	16 (0.6)	19 (0.7)	59 (2.3)	289 (11.3)
Average snowy days	0.9	0.1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0.2	1.2
Source: Climate-data.org.

Notes

^ ^a ^b Ball, Warwick (2006) "The desert edges" Syria: A Historical And Architectural Guide Interlink Publishing Group, Northampton, Massachusetts, page 157, ISBN 1-56656-665-7
^ le Strange, 1890, p. 400
^ Notably Dossin and Lewy, see Sasson, Jack M. (1966) "A Sketch of North Syrian Economic Relations in the Middle Bronze Age" Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient 9(3): pp. 161–181, page 169, note 2

Bibliography

le Strange, Guy (1890). Palestine Under the Moslems: A Description of Syria and the Holy Land from A.D. 650 to 1500. Committee of the Palestine Exploration Fund.

36°04′40″N 37°22′24″E / 36.07778°N 37.37333°E / 36.07778; 37.37333

Cities and towns of Syria

Governorate centres

District centres

Sub-district centres

Aleppo Governorate

Capital: Aleppo

Mount Simeon District

Mount Simeon Subdistrict	Aleppo Abtin Assan Ayn al-Kabira Azzan Duwayr al-Zaytun Haddadin Hayyan Hilan Hreibel Kafr Saghir Khan Tuman Maghayer Khan Tuman Maratat al-Muslimiyah al-Muslimiyah al-Muslimiyah al-Shamaliyah Qarras Rasm Assan Saqlaya Siefat Tell Shair Samaan Tell Shughayb al-Dhahabiyah al-Wadihi
Tell ad-Daman‎ Subdistrict	Tell al-Daman Abu Rweil Ameriyeh Arjel Atshana Sharqiya Atshana Gharbiya Ballas Ballas al-Jadida Batranah Burda Buwaida Saghira Deir Saliba Hmeidi Hober Jubb Aleis Kafr Obeid al-Mintar Mreiqes Oweinat Kabira Rasm al-Mofakker Tabara al-Khusheir Um al-Karamel
Haritan Subdistrict	Haritan Anadan Babis Bashkoy Hayyan Fah Kafr Bssin Kafr Hamrah Maarat al-Artiq Naqqarin Shaykh Najjar Shaykh Zayat Shamer Yaqed al-Adas
Darat Izza Subdistrict	Darat Izza Bshantara Basrtun Bishqatin Kafrantin al-Hoteh Hur Injarah Irhab Qabtan al-Jabal al-Sakhriyah Taqad
al-Hadher Subdistrict	al-Hadher al-Eiss Dalamah Jmeimeh Maryamin Samaan Tell Dadin
al-Zirbah Subdistrict	al-Zirbah Abad Arada Banes Barnah Barqum Bawabiyah Humayrah Huweir al-Eiss Jazraya Jubb Kas Kassibeh Othmaniya Kabira Rasm al-Eiss Talafeh Tell Allush Tell Hidyah Zitan Ziyara Samaan
Zammar Subdistrict	Zammar

Azaz District

Azaz Subdistrict	Azaz al-Fayruziyah Jarez Kafr Kalbin Kafr Khasher Kaljibrin Al-Krum Ma'arin al-Malikiyah Maraanaz Menagh Nayarah Naddah al-Salameh Shamarikh Shamarin Sijaraz Tatiyah Tulayl ash-Sham Yahmul
Akhtarin Subdistrict	Akhtarin Ablah Aq Burhan Arshaf Bahwartah Baruza Dabiq Dudyan Duweidan Ghaytun Ghurur Ka'ibah Kadrish Qabtan Qar Kalbin Taanah Tal'ar Gharbi Tal'ar Sharqi Tall Battal Tall Tanah Tat Hims Turkman Bareh Ziadiyah
Tell Rifaat Subdistrict	Tell Rifaat Ahras Deir Jamal Kafr Naseh Kafr Naya Shaykh Issa Tell Jabin
Mare' Subdistrict	Mare' Fafin Herbel Ma'arat Umm Hawsh Sunbul Talalin Tell Qarah
Nubl Subdistrict	Nubl Bayanoun Mayer Ratyan al-Zahraa
Sawran Subdistrict	Sawran Baraghida Bel Duwaybiq Hawar Kilis Ihtaimlat al-Judaydah Kafra Kafr Burayshah Kafr Shoush Murayghil Rael Shuwayrin al-Yaarubiyah al-Yamamah Az-Zahiriyah Zayzafun

Afrin District

Afrin Subdistrict	Afrin Ain Dara Awlad al-Arab Barad Baselhaya Basuta Basufan Beit Adin Burj Abdullah Inab Kafr Nabu Kalota Kimar Maryamin Oqayba Qibar
Bulbul Subdistrict	Bulbul Burj Haider Darmashkanli Deir Ballut Fafertin Jalbul Karzahayel
Jandairis Subdistrict	Jindires Jalamah Kafr Safra
Maabatli Subdistrict	Maabatli
Rajo Subdistrict	Rajo Meidan Ekbis
Sharran Subdistrict	Sharran Qatma
Shaykh al-Hadid Subdistrict	Shaykh al-Hadid

Atarib District

Atarib Subdistrict	Atarib al-Abzamo Batibo al-Jinah
Ibbin Samaan Subdistrict	Ibbin Samaan Kafr Halab Kafr Karmin Kafr Naha Kafr Nasih al-Atarib Kafr Nuran Maarat Atarib Awayjil al-Sahharah al-Shaykh Ali
Urum al-Kubra Subdistrict	Urum al-Kubra Urum al-Sughra

Ayn al-Arab District

Ayn al-Arab Subdistrict	Ayn al-Arab al-Farazdaq al-Haqel Jaadat al-Samaawat
al-Jalbiyah Subdistrict	al-Jalbiyah Jubb Faraj Kabir Mil Qibbah Qinayah Ramilah Ras al-Ayn Qibli
Sarrin Subdistrict	Sarrin Shuyukh Fawqani
Shuyukh Tahtani Subdistrict	Shuyukh Tahtani Tell Abyad Tahtani

Al-Bab District

Al-Bab Subdistrict	al-Bab Abu Jabbar Abu Taltal Ameriyeh
Arima Subdistrict	Arima Arran Barlahin Bizaah al-Burj Deir Qaq Haddabat Haji Kusa Hezwan Kherbet Kiyar Maran Oweishiyeh Qabbasin
Al-Rai Subdistrict	Al-Rai Sosyan
Tadef Subdistrict	Tadef Tell Rahal al-Waqf

Dayr Hafir District

Dayr Hafir Subdistrict	Dayr Hafir Humaymah Kabirah al-Jabbul Umm el-Marra
Kuweires Sharqi Subdistrict	Kuweires Sharqi Mazburah al-Raa'i Rasm al-Abed
Rasm Harmil al-Imam Subdistrict	Rasm Harmil al-Imam Shaykh Ahmad Tell Ayoub

Jarabulus District

Jarabulus Subdistrict	Jarabulus al-Bir Fawqani al-Bir Tahtani al-Hajaliah al-Haluwaniyah al-Jamel Amarnah Ayn al-Bayda Balaban Dabis Haymar Jarabulus Tahtani Marma al-Hajar Mazaalah Qandariyah Qirata Qirq Maghar Umm Rutha Tahtani Yusuf Bayk Zugharah
Ghandoura Subdistrict	Ghandoura Al-Kuliya Al-Shahid Al-Qadi Arab Azzah Belis Fursan Jubb al-Dam Lilawa Nabghah Tell Aghbar‎ Tell Hajar Qubbat at-Turkuman al-Suwaydah

Manbij District

Manbij Subdistrict	Manbij
Abu Kahf Subdistrict	Abu Kahf
Abu Qilqil Subdistrict	Abu Qilqil Arab Hassan Kabir Awsajli Kabir Dakhirah Dandaniya Hamir Labidah Hayyah Kabirah Jubb Hamza
Al-Khafsah Subdistrict	Al-Khafsah Khan al-Humr al-Maamurah al-Mahsanah Khafsah
Maskanah Subdistrict	Maskanah Mallah Mujammaa Huttin al-Nasiriyah Fawqani Qashlat Yusef Basha Ras al-Ayn al-Bumane' Saan al-Ghazal al-Tadamon Talhuthan Tell Aswad Tell Akhdar Tishrin al-Zahirah Zunqul

As-Safira District

As-Safira Subdistrict	as-Safira Abu Jurayn al-Safirah Aqrabah
Banan Subdistrict	Banan
al-Hajib Subdistrict	al-Hajib Hawwaz
Khanasir Subdistrict	Khanasir Qulayaa Rasm Al-Nafl al-Samiriyah Tat
Tell Aran Subdistrict	Tell Aran Tell Hasil Zira'ah