Esophageal disease

Medical condition

Esophageal disease

Head and neck. Esophagus at bottom.
Specialty	Gastroenterology

Esophageal diseases can derive from congenital conditions, or they can be acquired later in life.

Many people experience a burning sensation in their chest occasionally, caused by stomach acids refluxing into the esophagus, normally called heartburn. Extended exposure to heartburn may erode the lining of the esophagus, leading potentially to Barrett's esophagus which is associated with an increased risk of adenocarcinoma most commonly found in the distal one-third of the esophagus.

Some people also experience a sensation known as globus esophagus, where it feels as if a ball is lodged in the lower part of the esophagus.

The following are additional diseases and conditions that affect the esophagus:

Achalasia^[1]
Acute esophageal necrosis
Barrett's esophagus
Boerhaave syndrome
Caustic injury to the esophagus
Chagas disease
Diffuse esophageal spasm
Esophageal atresia and tracheoesophageal fistula
Esophageal cancer
Esophageal dysphagia
Esophageal varices
Esophageal web
Esophagitis
GERD
Hiatus hernia
Killian–Jamieson diverticulum
Mallory–Weiss syndrome
Neurogenic dysphagia
Nutcracker esophagus
Schatzki's ring
Zenker's diverticulum

References

^ "Esophagus Disorders SECTION II: FGIDs: DIAGNOSTIC GROUPS" (PDF). The Rome Foundation. Retrieved 25 August 2017.

External links

Classification	D MeSH: D004935

Esophageal and Swallowing Disorders, Merck & Company Inc.

Diseases of the human digestive system

Upper GI tract

Esophagus

Stomach

Lower GI tract
Enteropathy

Small intestine (Duodenum/Jejunum/Ileum)	Enteritis Duodenitis Jejunitis Ileitis Peptic (duodenal) ulcer Curling's ulcer Malabsorption: Coeliac Tropical sprue Blind loop syndrome Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth Whipple's Short bowel syndrome Steatorrhea Milroy disease Bile acid malabsorption
Large intestine (Appendix/Colon)	Appendicitis Colitis Pseudomembranous Ulcerative Ischemic Microscopic Collagenous Lymphocytic Dysentery Functional colonic disease IBS Intestinal pseudoobstruction / Ogilvie syndrome Megacolon / Toxic megacolon Diverticulitis/Diverticulosis/SCAD
Large and/or small	Enterocolitis Necrotizing Gastroenterocolitis IBD Crohn's disease Vascular: Abdominal angina Mesenteric ischemia Angiodysplasia Bowel obstruction: Ileus Intussusception Volvulus Fecal impaction Constipation Functional Diarrhea Infectious Intestinal adhesions
Rectum	Proctitis Radiation proctitis Proctalgia fugax Rectal prolapse Anismus Solitary rectal ulcer syndrome
Anal canal	Anal fissure/Anal fistula Anal abscess Hemorrhoid Anal dysplasia Pruritus ani

GI bleeding

Accessory

Liver	Hepatitis Viral hepatitis Autoimmune hepatitis Alcoholic hepatitis Cirrhosis PBC Fatty liver MASLD Vascular Budd–Chiari syndrome Hepatic veno-occlusive disease Portal hypertension Nutmeg liver Alcoholic liver disease Liver failure Hepatic encephalopathy Acute liver failure Liver abscess Pyogenic Amoebic Hepatorenal syndrome Peliosis hepatis Metabolic disorders Wilson's disease Hemochromatosis
Gallbladder	Cholecystitis Gallstone / Cholelithiasis Cholesterolosis Adenomyomatosis Postcholecystectomy syndrome Porcelain gallbladder
Bile duct/ Other biliary tree	Cholangitis Primary sclerosing cholangitis Secondary sclerosing cholangitis Ascending Cholestasis/Mirizzi's syndrome Biliary fistula Haemobilia Common bile duct Choledocholithiasis Biliary dyskinesia Sphincter of Oddi dysfunction
Pancreatic	Pancreatitis Acute Chronic Hereditary Pancreatic abscess Pancreatic pseudocyst Exocrine pancreatic insufficiency Pancreatic fistula

Other

Hernia	Diaphragmatic Congenital Hiatus Inguinal Indirect Direct Umbilical Femoral Obturator Spigelian Lumbar Petit's Grynfeltt–Lesshaft Undefined location Incisional Internal hernia Richter's
Peritoneal	Peritonitis Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis Hemoperitoneum Pneumoperitoneum

Congenital malformations and deformations of digestive system

Upper GI tract

Tongue, mouth and pharynx	Cleft lip and palate Van der Woude syndrome tongue Ankyloglossia Macroglossia Hypoglossia
Esophagus	EA/TEF Esophageal atresia: types A, B, C, and D Tracheoesophageal fistula: types B, C, D and E Esophageal inlet patch esophageal rings Esophageal web (upper) Schatzki ring (lower)
Stomach	Pyloric stenosis Hiatus hernia

Lower GI tract

Intestines	Intestinal atresia Duodenal atresia Meckel's diverticulum Hirschsprung's disease Intestinal malrotation Dolichocolon Enteric duplication cyst
Rectum/anal canal	Imperforate anus Rectovestibular fistula Persistent cloaca Rectal atresia

Accessory

Pancreas	Annular pancreas Accessory pancreas Johanson–Blizzard syndrome Pancreas divisum
Bile duct	Choledochal cysts Caroli disease Biliary atresia
Liver	Alagille syndrome Polycystic liver disease