Haplogroup D-Z27276

Haplogroup D-Z27276
Possible time of origin	30,000-40,000YBP^[1]
Possible place of origin	East Asia
Ancestor	（Grandparent）D
Descendants	D-M15, D-P99
Defining mutations	Z27276, Z27283, Z29263
Highest frequencies	Tibetans

Haplogroup D-Z27276 also known as Haplogroup D1a1 is a Y-chromosome haplogroup. It is one of two branches of Haplogroup D1, one of the descendants of Haplogroup D. The other is D-M55 which is only found in Japan.

This group is found in about 46.6% Tibetan people.^[2] It branched off D-M55 35,000-40,000 years before present or already 53,000 years before present.^[1]^[3]

One sample of a subgroup of D-Z27276 was also found among ancient samples of the Koban culture between Russia and Georgia.^[4]

Phylogenetic tree

By ISOGG tree（Version: 14.151）.^[5]

DE (YAP)
- D (CTS3946)
  - D1 (M174/Page30, IMS-JST021355, Haplogroup D-M174)
    - D1a (CTS11577)　
      - D1a1 (F6251/Z27276)
        D1a1a (M15)　Tibet, Altai Republic, Mainland China
        D1a1a (F849)
        D1a1a1 (N1)
        D1a1a1a (Z27269)
        D1a1a1a1 (PH4979)
        D1a1a1a1a2 (F729)
        D1a1a1a1a2a (F17412)
        D-F17412* Tibetan (Chamdo^[6]), Taiwan^[6]
        
        D-MF10280 Sichuan,^[6] Japan (Osaka)^[6]
        
        D1a1a1a1a2b (Y62194)
        D1a1a1a1a2b1 (F17409) Tibetan (Chamdo^[6]), Sichuan^[6]
        
        D1a1a1a1a2b2 (Y62517)
        D1a1a1a1a2b2a (F16077) Tibetan (Shigatse,^[6] Shannan,^[6] Lhasa^[6])
        
        D1a1a1a1a2b2b (Y69263)
        D1a1a1a1a2b2b1 (Y161914) Tibetan (Chamdo^[6]), Zhejiang^[6]
        
        D1a1a1a1a2b2b2 (Y61759) Uzbekistan^[6]
        
        D1a1a1a2 (Z31591) Tibetan (Shigatse,^[6] Lhasa^[6])
        
        D1a1a2 (F1070) Guangdong,^[6] Xishuangbanna (Dai)^[6]
        
        D1a1b (P99)　Tibet, Mongol, Central Asia, Altai Republic, Mainland China
      - D1a2 (Z3660)
        D1a2a (M64.1/Page44.1, M55) 　 Japan（Yamato people、Ryukyuan people、Ainu people）
        
        D1a2b (Y34637)　Andaman Islands（Onge people, Jarawa people）^[7]^[6]
    - D1b (L1378) 　 Philippines^[8]
  - D2 (A5580.2) 　Nigeria, Saudi Arabia, African Americans in the United States, Syria^[9]^[10]

References

^ ^a ^b Shi, Hong; Zhong, Hua; Peng, Yi; Dong, Yong-li; Qi, Xue-bin; Zhang, Feng; Liu, Lu-Fang; Tan, Si-jie; Ma, Runlin Z; Xiao, Chun-Jie; Wells, R Spencer; Jin, Li; Su, Bing (October 29, 2008). "Y chromosome evidence of earliest modern human settlement in East Asia and multiple origins of Tibetan and Japanese populations". BMC Biology. 6. BioMed Central: 45. doi:10.1186/1741-7007-6-45. PMC 2605740. PMID 18959782.
^ Michael F Hammer; Tatiana M Karafet; Hwayong Park; Keiichi Omoto; Shinji Harihara; Mark Stoneking; Satoshi Horai (2006). "Dual origins of the Japanese: common ground for hunter-gatherer and farmer Y chromosomes". Journal of Human Genetics. 51 (1): 47–58. doi:10.1007/s10038-005-0322-0. PMID 16328082.
^ Mondal, Mayukh & Bergström, Anders & Xue, Yali & Calafell, Francesc & Laayouni, Hafid & Casals, Ferran & Majumder, Partha & Tyler-Smith, Chris & Bertranpetit, Jaume. (2017). Y-chromosomal sequences of diverse Indian populations and the ancestry of the Andamanese. Human Genetics. 136. 10.1007/s00439-017-1800-0.
^ Boulygina, Eugenia; Tsygankova, Svetlana; Sharko, Fedor; Slobodova, Natalia; Gruzdeva, Natalia; Rastorguev, Sergey; Belinsky, Andrej; Härke, Heinrich; Kadieva, Anna; Demidenko, Sergej; Shvedchikova, Tatiana (2020-06-01). "Mitochondrial and Y-chromosome diversity of the prehistoric Koban culture of the North Caucasus". Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports. 31: 102357. Bibcode:2020JArSR..31j2357B. doi:10.1016/j.jasrep.2020.102357. ISSN 2352-409X. S2CID 218789467.
^ "2019-2020 Haplogroup D Tree".
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p ^q "D YTree". Archived from the original on 2019-08-31. Retrieved 2019-09-02.
^ Thangaraj K, Singh L, Reddy AG, Rao VR, Sehgal SC, Underhill PA, Pierson M, Frame IG, Hagelberg E (January 2003). "Genetic affinities of the Andaman Islanders, a vanishing human population". Current Biology. 13 (2): 86–93. doi:10.1016/S0960-9822(02)01336-2. PMID 12546781. S2CID 12155496.
^ Y-DNA Haplogroup D and its Subclades - 2014
^ Tyler-Smith, Chris; Xue, Yali; Thomas, Mark G.; Yang, Huanming; Arciero, Elena; Asan; Connell, Bruce A.; Jones, Abigail L.; Haber, Marc (2019-06-13). "A Rare Deep-Rooting D0 African Y-Chromosomal Haplogroup and Its Implications for the Expansion of Modern Humans out of Africa". Genetics. 212 (4): 1421–1428. doi:10.1534/genetics.119.302368. ISSN 0016-6731. PMC 6707464. PMID 31196864.
^ Estes, Roberta (2019-06-21). "Exciting New Y DNA Haplogroup D Discoveries!". DNAeXplained - Genetic Genealogy. Retrieved 2019-07-08.

Phylogenetic tree of human Y-chromosome DNA haplogroups ^{[χ 1]}^{[χ 2]}

"Y-chromosomal Adam"

A00

A0-T ^{[χ 3]}

A1 ^{[χ 4]}

A1a

A1b

A1b1

F-Y27277 ^{[χ 5]}

GHIJK

HIJK

IJK

LT ^{[χ 6]}

K2 ^{[χ 7]}

K2e

K2d

K2c

K2b ^{[χ 8]}

K2a

K2b1 ^{[χ 9]}

P ^{[χ 10]}

K-M2313 ^{[χ 11]}

S ^{[χ 12]}

M ^{[χ 13]}

NO1

P1c

P1b

P1a

Footnotes

^ Van Oven M, Van Geystelen A, Kayser M, Decorte R, Larmuseau HD (2014). "Seeing the wood for the trees: a minimal reference phylogeny for the human Y chromosome". Human Mutation. 35 (2): 187–91. doi:10.1002/humu.22468. PMID 24166809. S2CID 23291764.
^ International Society of Genetic Genealogy (ISOGG; 2015), Y-DNA Haplogroup Tree 2015. (Access date: 1 February 2015.)
^ Haplogroup A0-T is also known as A-L1085 (and previously as A0'1'2'3'4).
^ Haplogroup A1 is also known as A1'2'3'4.
^ F-Y27277, sometimes known as F2'4, is both the parent clade of F2 and F4 and a child of F-M89.
^ Haplogroup LT (L298/P326) is also known as Haplogroup K1.
^ Between 2002 and 2008, Haplogroup T-M184 was known as "Haplogroup K2". That name has since been re-assigned to K-M526, the sibling of Haplogroup LT.
^ Haplogroup K2b (M1221/P331/PF5911) is also known as Haplogroup MPS.
^ Haplogroup K2b1 (P397/P399) is also known as Haplogroup MS, but has a broader and more complex internal structure.
^ Haplogroup P (P295) is also klnown as K2b2.
^ K-M2313*, which as yet has no phylogenetic name, has been documented in two living individuals, who have ethnic ties to India and South East Asia. In addition, K-Y28299, which appears to be a primary branch of K-M2313, has been found in three living individuals from India. See: Poznik op. cit.; YFull YTree v5.08, 2017, "K-M2335", and; PhyloTree, 2017, "Details of the Y-SNP markers included in the minimal Y tree" (Access date of these pages: 9 December 2017)
^ Haplogroup S, as of 2017, is also known as K2b1a. (Previously the name Haplogroup S was assigned to K2b1a4.)
^ Haplogroup M, as of 2017, is also known as K2b1b. (Previously the name Haplogroup M was assigned to K2b1d.)