List of ships captured in the 19th century

La Pomone contre les frégates HMS Alceste et Active, painted Pierre Julien Gilbert.

Throughout naval history during times of war, battles, blockades, and other patrol missions would often result in the capture of enemy ships or those of a neutral country. If a ship proved to be a valuable prize, efforts would sometimes be made to capture the vessel and to inflict the least amount of damage that was practically possible. Both military and merchant ships were captured, often renamed, and then used in the service of the capturing country's navy or in many cases sold to private individuals, who would break them up for salvage or use them as merchant vessels, whaling ships, slave ships, or the like. As an incentive to search far and wide for enemy ships, the proceeds of the sale of the vessels and their cargoes were divided up as prize money among the officers and the crew of capturing crew members, with the distribution governed by regulations that the captor vessel's government had established. Throughout the 1800s, war prize laws were established to help opposing countries settle claims amicably.[1][2]

Private ships were also authorized by various countries at war through a letter of marque, which legally allowed a ship and commander to engage and capture vessels belonging to enemy countries.[3] In those cases, contracts between the owners of the vessels, on the one hand, and the captains and the crews, on the other, established the distribution of the proceeds from captures.

Legend

  • Dates of capture are listed chronologically and appear in bold [Note 1]
  • Names of commanders are those in command when ships were captured.
  • The symbol ' † ' following a commander's name denotes he was killed in action.
  • Name of ship and flag of country listed are those in use at time of ship's capture and will sometimes link to a page with name and flag used after capture.
  • This list does not include ships captured by pirates.

1800–1809

Quasi-War

The Quasi-War was an undeclared war fought mostly at sea between the United States and French Republic from 1798 to 1800. France, plagued by massive crop failures and desperately in need of grain and other supplies, commissioned numerous French privateers, who both legally and illegally captured cargo from merchant vessels of every flag engaged in foreign trade with Britain. Approximately 300 American ships were captured by the French Navy and privateers under a letter of marque that was issued by the government of France.[4] International law mandated that a ship captured during wartime by a belligerent was lost to the owner and that no compensation was to be made by the country who seized a vessel unless provided for by a treaty that ended that war.[5]

  • Deux Anges |  France | 27 January 1800
    A 20-gun French corvette Letter of marque captured by USS Boston commanded by George Little serving in the squadron of Silas Talbot. Deux Anges (sometimes Two Angels in contemporary American accounts) was sent to Boston under Lieutenant Robert Haswell to be condemned by a prize court.[6][7]
  • Mercator |  Denmark | May 1800
    A Danish schooner captured by USS Experiment commanded by Lieutenant Maley entering the Haitian port of Jacmel during the Quasi-War. Maley suspected it to be a French vessel and ordered it to Cape Francois where it was recaptured by the British.[8]
  • Godfrey |  UKGBI | 31 May 1800
    English registered schooner commanded by H. Atkinson, captured by a French privateer and recaptured by American sloop of war USS Merrimack.[Note 2]
  • Flambeau |  France | 23 July 1800
    A French Letter of marque of 12 guns, captured by USS Enterprise, commanded by Captain John Shaw.[10]
  • Berceau |  France | 12 October 1800
    A 24-gun French corvette commanded by Capitain de frégate Senez, captured by USS Boston, commanded by Capt. George Little, unbeknown that the Quasi-War had ended several days earlier. She was towed to the United States, repaired and returned to France September 1801.[11]
  • Good Friends |  United States | September 1809
    An American ship out of Baltimore, commanded by Captain Robert Thompson, captured by the Danes.[12][13]
  • Helvetius |  United States | September 1809
    An American ship out of Baltimore, commanded by Captain Ezra Bowen, captured by the Danes.[12][13]

First Barbary War

The First Barbary War (1801–5), was the first of the First Barbary War and the Second Barbary War fought between the United States and the North African Berber Muslim states known collectively as the Barbary States. For years the Barbary Corsairs had harassed and captured British, French and American shipping, often capturing vessels seizing cargoes and holding crews for large ransoms or enslaving them.[14] Refusing to pay tribute President Thomas Jefferson sent a fleet of ships to the Mediterranean shores of North Africa to deal with the constant threats to U.S. and other ships.[15][16]

French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars

The French Revolutionary Wars and the Napoleonic Wars were a series of wars declared against the French Republic and Napoleon's French Empire by opposing coalitions that ran from 1792 to 1815, involving many often-large-scale naval battles resulting in the capture of numerous ships. Among the most notable of such battles were the Battle of Trafalgar and the Battle of Copenhagen involving hundreds of ships and many thousands of seamen and officers.

  • HMS Ranger | Royal Navy | 11 June 1794
    A brig originally purchased into Royal Navy service in 1787, she was captured by the French ship Railluese. She was then recaptured by HMS Indefatigable on 15 October 1797. She was then captured by the French privateer Vengeance on 2 November 1797 before being captured a fourth time, this time by HMS Galatea, four days later. She was renamed HMS Venturer due to Ranger having been reused in her absence. Possibly the most captured warship in history.
  • HMS Swiftsure |  Royal Navy | 24 June 1800
    A 74-gun ship of the line commanded by Captain Hallowell, captured by the French fleet, commanded by Admiral Ganteaume. She was later recaptured at the Battle of Trafalgar.
  • Vengeance |  French Navy | 25 August 1800
    A Résistance-class frigate of 40 guns, commanded by Capitain de Vaisseau Citizen F. M. Pitot, attacked and captured in the Mona Passage during the French Revolutionary Wars by HMS Seine of the Royal Navy, commanded by Captain David Milne. Renamed HMS Vengeance.[24][25]
  • HMS Incendiary |  Royal Navy | 10 February 1801
    A 16-gun British sloop and fireship, commanded by Captain Richard Dun, captured by the French Navy at Cape de Gat.[26]
  • HMS Success |  Royal Navy | 10 February 1801
    A 32-gun fifth-rate frigate launched in 1781, captured by the French and recaptured by the British the same year.[26]
  • HMS Sprightly |  Royal Navy | 10 February 1801
    Captured by the French Navy.[26]

Battle of Copenhagen

The Battle of Copenhagen was a naval battle involving a large British fleet under the command of Admiral Sir Hyde Parker, defeating and capturing many of the Danish-Norwegian fleet anchored just off Copenhagen on 2 April 1801. Vice-Admiral Horatio Nelson led the main attack.[27][28]

Napoleonic Wars (continued i)

Battle of Trafalgar

The Battle of Trafalgar was fought on 21 October 1805 off the Spanish coast, near Cape Trafalgar, involving the allied fleets of Spain and France against the Royal Navy of Britain. Britain's answer to Napoleon's threat, it proved to be the turning point of the Napoleonic era and is regarded as the last great sea battle of the period. The battle involved dozens of sailing warships and vessels many of which fell to capture while many were also met with what is considered a worse fate in the storm that followed.[38][39]

  • Fougueux |  French Navy | 21 October 1805
    A Téméraire-class 74-gun French ship of the line. Present at the Battle of Trafalgar, commanded by Captain Louis Alexis Baudoin who was killed in the battle, fired the first shot of the battle. After its capture by British it was wrecked in the storm of 23 October that followed the battle and sunk, taking with her all hands on board.[40][41][42]
  • Redoutable |  French Navy | 21 October 1805
    A Téméraire-class 74-gun ship of the line. Commanded by Captain Lucas [Note 6] Redoutable is known for her fiercely fought duel with HMS Victory during the Battle of Trafalgar, killing Vice Admiral Horatio Nelson, incurring the highest losses of the battle. [Note 7] Captured by British, she foundered during the storm the next day and sunk, taking with her all hands.[42][44]
  • Bucentaure |  French Navy | 21 October 1805
    An 80-gun ship of the line of the French Navy, lead ship of her class. It was the flagship of the French fleet at the Battle of Trafalgar, commanded by Captain Jean-Jacques Magendie. Surrendered to Captain James Atcherly of the Marines from HMS Conqueror, later wrecked in storm of 23 October 1805.[45]
  • Algésiras |  French Navy | 21 October 1805
    A 74-gun French ship of the line, present at the Battle of Trafalgar, under Rear Admiral Charles Magon who was killed during the boarding attempt when engaged by HMS Tonnant. Escaped after capture making her way to Cadiz.[46]
  • Intrépide | ( French Navy) | 21 October 1805
    A 74-gun third-rate ship of the line, captured at the Battle of Trafalgar and scuttled by British.
  • Aigle |  French Navy | 21 October 1805
    A 74-gun French ship of the line. took part in the Battle of Trafalgar, captured during the battle. On the following day, her crew rose up turned against her captors and recaptured their ship, however, she was wrecked in the storm of 23 October 1805.
  • Indomptable |  French Navy | 21 October 1805
    An 80-gun ship of the line of the French Navy. After engaging the British HMS Revenge, Dreadnought and Thunderer she was finally captured. During the storm of 23 October she broke her anchor chains and was wrecked with only about 150 out of 1200 men aboard surviving.[47]
  • Berwick |  Royal Navy |  French Navy | 21 October 1805
    The British HMS Berwick, a 74-gun ship of the line, was captured by the French in 1795. She was recaptured by the British at the Battle of Trafalgar. While in tow her captives cut her cables, she struck a shoal and sank with approximately 200 perishing in the storm.[48][49]
  • Swiftsure |  Royal Navy |  French Navy | 21 October 1805
    A 74-gun ship of the line, originally the British Swiftsure, commanded by Captain Hallowell, captured by the French fleet, commanded by Admiral Ganteaume, on 24 June 1800. Under the command of Captain l'Hôpitalier-Villemadrin she was recaptured at the Battle of Trafalgar and was one of the few captured ships to survive the storm.
  • Rayo |  Spanish Navy | 21 October 1805
    An 80-gun ship of the line of the Spanish Navy. Present at the Battle of Trafalgar, noted for being the oldest vessel present. Rayo escaped from the battle but was intercepted by HMS Donegal fresh out of Gibraltar and then was wrecked 26 October 1805 in the storm that followed.[42][50]
  • Santa Ana [Note 8] |  Spanish Navy | 21 October 1805
    A 112-gun three-decker ship of the line of the Spanish Navy. Captured by British at Battle of Trafalgar. two days later, a squadron under the command of Commodore Cosmao-Kerjulien recaptured her and took her back to Cadiz.[53]
  • Neptuno |  Spanish Navy | 21 October 1805
    An 80-gun Montañes-class ship of the line of the Spanish Navy. Captured at the Battle of Trafalgar, later ran aground and set fire by the British.[54]
  • San Agustín |  Spanish Navy | 21 October 1805
    A 74-gun ship of the line. Present at the Battle of Algeciras in 1801 and the Battle of Trafalgar in 1805.
  • Nuestra Señora de la Santísima Trinidad |  Spanish Navy | 21 October 1805
    A first-rate ship of the line, launched in 1769, bearing 112 guns, increased to 130 guns in 1795–96. Commanded by Francisco Javier Uriarte and Rear Admiral Baltasar Hidalgo de Cisneros, present at Battle of Trafalgar, the largest ship in the allied fleet. Captured by British, wrecked in storm following day.[55][56]
  • Monarca |  Spanish Navy | 21 October 1805
    A 74-gun ship of the line, commanded by Captain Don Teodoro de Argumosa,[57] present at Battle of Trafalgar. After its capture it was burnt on 26 October 1805.[58] [Note 9]
  • Bahama |  Spanish Navy | 21 October 1805
    A 74 gun ship of the line, commanded by Commodore Dionisio Alcalá Galiano who lost his life from cannon fire. Captured by HMS Colossus, broken up in 1814.[59]
  • San Juan Nepomuceno |  Spanish Navy | 21 October 1805
    A 74-gun ship of the line launched in 1765, commanded by Commodore Don Cosmé Damián Churruca y Elorza who was killed in action, present at Battle of Trafalgar, with half its crew dead or wounded.[60]
  • San Ildefonso |  Spanish Navy | 21 October 1805
    A 74-gun ship that saw service in French, British and American waters in the late 18th century. Present at the Battle of Trafalgar, commanded by Captain Don Jose Ramón de Vargas y Varáez; captured by the British HMS Defence and renamed HMS Ildefonso, it was one of the few captured vessels that survived the storm following the battle.[61]

Napoleonic Wars (continued ii)

1810–1819

Napoleonic Wars (continued)

  • HMS Grinder |  Royal Navy | 13 April 1810
    A gunboat launched in 1809. Captured by Danish gunboats off Anholt.[67]
  • Nereide |  French Navy | 23 August 1810
    A Sibylle-class 36-gun, copper-hulled, frigate of the French Navy. Captured by the British at Isle of France at the Battle of Grand Port.[75][76] [Note 11]
  • HMS Alban |  Royal Navy | 12 September 1810 | 11 May 1811
    A schooner launched in 1806. Captured by Danish gunboats off Skagen. Operated by the Dano-Norwegian Navy under the same name until recaptured by the British in 1811.[67]
  • Corona | ( French Navy) | 13 March 1811
    A 40-gun Hortense-class frigate of the French Navy. Built her in 1807 for the Venetian Navy Captured by British at the Battle of Lissa.[77]
  • HMS Little Belt (1807) | ( Royal Navy) | 16 May 1811
    A post ship captured by John Rodgers in command of USS President. The engagement came to be known as the Little Belt affair, one of many incidents that led to the War of 1812.
  • HMS Safeguard |  Royal Navy | 29 June 1811
    A 13-gun Archer-class brig launched in 1804. Captured by Danish gunboats off Jutland. Operated under the same name by the Royal Dano-Norwegian Navy until sold off in 1813.[67]
  • HMS Manly |  Royal Navy | 2 September 1811
    A 13-gun Archer-class brig launched in 1804. Captured by Danish brigs Lolland, Alsen and Samsø off Arendal. Operated under the same name by the Royal Dano-Norwegian Navy until sold off in 1813.[67]
  • Rivoli |  French Navy | 22 Feb 1812
    74-gun Le Pluton class, broken up 1819.[32]
  • HMS Attack |  Royal Navy | 19 August 1812
    A 13-gun Archer-class brig launched in 1804. Captured by Danish gunboats. Operated under the same name by the Royal Dano-Norwegian Navy until sold off in 1813.[67]
  • HMS Laura |  Royal Navy | 8 September 1812[78]
  • San Antonio |  Spanish Navy | 13 October 1812. Captured by the British sloop Merope, commanded by John Charles Gawen.[79]
  • Trave |  French Navy | 23 October 1813
    A 40-gun Pallas-class frigate, captured by British, broken up 1821.[80]
  • Brillant |  French Navy | 1814
    74-gun ship of the line, captured by the British on slip, renamed Genoa, broken up 1838.

War of 1812

The War of 1812 was fought between Great Britain and the United States whose young navy made a notable stand at sea against the largest and most formidable navy in the world at the time. The causes of the war were regarded differently between the two countries. The U.S. was appalled at Britain for seizing their ships and impressing American citizens into its navy, while Britain maintained that it had the right to search neutral vessels for property or persons of its foes. The ships of the two countries were involved in many engagements along the Atlantic coast, the Great Lakes, the Gulf of Mexico and the West Indies with numerous vessels being destroyed or captured on both sides.[81]

  • Alexander (brig) |  United States | Unknown date
    A civilian brig. Taken as a prize by the British
  • Lord Nelson | | 5 June 1812 | 24 December 1815
    A schooner commanded by Robert Percy, captured by USS Oneida, commanded by Commodore M.T. Woolsey, while enforcing the Embargo Law.[82]
  • HMS Whiting |  Royal Navy | 8 July 1812
    A Royal Navy Ballahoo-class schooner of 75 tons and 4 guns, launched in 1805, Lieutenant Lewis Maxey. Present at the Battle of Copenhagen, Captured at Hampton Roads by American privateer Dash commanded by Captain Garroway.[83][84]
  • USS Nautilus |  United States Navy | 16 July 1812
    Built in 1799 as a merchant vessel it was purchased by the U.S. Navy in 1803 and converted into a 16-gun brig. Commanded by Lieutenant W. Crane, it was captured off the coast of New Jersey by a blockading British fleet: Shannon, Belvidera, Africa, Eolus and Guerriere – the last vessel of these itself defeated by USS Constitution only a month later. Taken into possession for use in the Royal Navy and renamed HMS Emulous.[85][86]
  • Ulysses |  Royal Navy | 20 July 1812
    A British brig bound for Halifax from the West Indies captured by American privateer Paul Jones.[87]
  • Henry | | 26 July 1812
    A new merchant ship, captured after a 15-minute fight, carrying sugar and old Madeira wine from St Croix to London by the American privateer Chasseur, commanded by Captain Thomas Boyle. Valued at $150,000-170,00, sent to Baltimore.[88][89]
  • Hopewell |  Great Britain | July 1812
    The American privateer Chasseur, commanded by Captain Thomas Boyle, captured the merchant ship Hopewell, of 400 tons, as Hopewell was on her way to London from Surinam, carrying sugar, molasses, cotton, coffee and cocoa by. One of Hopewell's men was killed. The ship was sent to Baltimore where the cargo was valued at $150,000,.[88][90]
  • John |  Great Britain | 18 September 1812
    A merchant ship, 400 tons, captured on her passage from Demerara to Liverpool by the American privateer Chasseur, commanded by Captain Thomas Boyle. The prize was valued at $150,000-200,000 and sent to Baltimore.[89] One of over thirty other merchant vessels captured by Boyle.
  • USS Caledonia |  United States Navy | 8 October 1812
    Caledonia was a brig, formerly HMS Caledonia, captured by the U.S. Navy, during the War of 1812 and taken into American service. Commanded by Lieutenant D. Turner the brig played an important role with the American squadron on Lake Erie; sold at the end of the war.[91]
  • HMS Frolic[Note 12] |  Royal Navy | 8 October 1812
    An 18-gun Cruizer-class brig-sloop, launched on 9 February 1806, commanded by Thomas Whinyates.[92] Captured by USS Wasp, commanded by Jacob Jones.[93][94]
  • USS Adams |  United States Navy | 9 October 1812
    Adams was in drydock at Detroit for repairs when war broke out, captured by the British and renamed HMS Detroit.[95]
  • USS Wasp |  United States Navy /  Royal Navy | 15 October 1812
    Commanded by Jacob Jones. Wasp was a sailing sloop of war captured by the British in the War of 1812. She was constructed in 1806 at the Washington Navy Yard. Captured twice.[96][97]
  • Swallow |  Great Britain | 18 October 1812
    A British packet with eighty one boxes of gold and silver aboard, captured by USS President commanded by Commodore John Rodgers with Matthew C. Perry aboard[98]
  • HMS Macedonian |  Royal Navy | 25 October 1812
    A 38-gun fifth rate Lively-class frigate in the Royal Navy, captured by the USS United States commanded by Stephen Decatur during the War of 1812.[99][100][101]
  • Argo | | 1 November 1812
    A British whaler of 10 guns and 26 men, carrying a cargo of oil and whalebone, bound for London was captured by USS Congress under the command of Captain John Smith. The ship was ordered to the United States. She was one of the five prizes Smith took during the war.[102]
  • HMS Java |  Royal Navy | 26 December 1812
    A Pallas-class frigate, commanded by Henry Lambert  †[Note 13], taken as a prize off coast of Brazil after its engagement with USS Constitution, commanded by William Bainbridge.[103][104]
  • HMS Duke of Gloucester or Gloucester |  Royal Navy | 27 April 1813
    A 10-gun brig launched on Lake Erie in 1807, captured American squadron under the command of Commodore Isaac Chauncey's and taken back to Sackett's Harbor. Destroyed by the British a few weeks later.[105][106]
  • USS Chesapeake |  United States Navy | 1 June 1813
    A frigate, commanded by Captain James Lawrence † that was pounded by 362 shots from HMS Shannon before its surrender.
    See: Capture of USS Chesapeake[107]
  • USS Eagle |  United States Navy | 3 June 1813
    Part of Thomas Macdonough's fleet overtaken by British while on blockade patrol at the Battle of Lake Champlain. Renamed HMS Finch[95]
  • Joel Barlow |  US | 3 July 1813
    An American Letter of marque schooner bearing only two guns, captured by HMS Briton off the coast of Bordeaux.[108][109]
  • USS Argus |  United States Navy | 14 August 1813
    A brig commanded by William Henry Allen surrendered to British after engagement with HMS Pelican in St George's Channel.[110]
    See: Capture of USS Argus
  • HMS Boxer |  Royal Navy | 5 September 1813
    A 12-gun Bold-class gun-brig launched in July 1812, commanded by Samuel Blyth †, captured by USS Enterprise, commanded by Lieutenant William Burrows.[111] See also: Capture of HMS Boxer
  • HMS Confiance |  Royal Navy | 5 October 1813
    A 37-gun fifth-rate frigate captured on Lake Erie by USS Eagle, commanded by Thomas Macdonough at the Battle of Plattsburgh.[112]
  • Amelia |  US | 1813
    American merchantman launched in 1810, captured by the Royal Navy, in 1813.
  • HMS Pictou |  Royal Navy | 14 February 1814
    A 16-gun schooner built as the American privateer Syren and commissioned as Letter of marque, captured by Royal Navy 20 April 1813, renamed Pictou. Commanded by Lieutenant Edward Stephens Pictou was recaptured at Barbados during the War of 1812 by the American frigate USS Constitution commanded by Charles Stewart.[113][114][115] [Note 14]
  • USS Essex |  United States Navy | 28 March 1814
    A sailing frigate commanded by David Porter that served in the Quasi-War, the First Barbary War and the War of 1812. Captured off Valparaíso by HMS Phoebe and HMS Cherub under the command of Admiral James Hillyar and was renamed HMS Essex.[117][118]
  • HMS Epervier |  Royal Navy | 29 April 1814
    An 18-gun Cruizer-class brig-sloop commanded by Richard Walter Wales, captured off Cape Canaveral, Florida by USS Peacock with 22 guns commanded by Lewis Warrington[Note 15]
    See also: Capture of HMS Epervier[120]
  • USS Frolic (1813) |  United States Navy | 20 April 1814
    Forced to surrender to superior British force 15 miles (24 km) off Matanzas, Cuba.[117]
  • HMS Ballahou |  Royal Navy | 29 April 1814
    A schooner of four guns, commanded by Norfolk King, was the name ship of the Royal Navy's Ballahoo-class schooners. Captured by 5-gun American privateer Perry off the coast of South Carolina.[121][122]
  • HMS Reindeer |  Royal Navy | 28 June 1814
    An 18-gun Cruizer-class brig-sloop, launched in 1804. She was under the command of Commander Nicholas Lechmere Pateshall( †) when USS Wasp, under the command of Johnston Blakely, captured her approximately 500 mi (800 km) west of Ushant.[123][124] [Note 16]
    See also: Sinking of HMS Reindeer
  • USS Syren[Note 17] |  United States Navy | 12 July 1814
    A brig, served in First Barbary War and War of 1812. Captured in 1814 by Royal Navy.[117]
  • HMS Landrail |  Royal Navy | 12 July 1814
    A 4-gun Cuckoo-class schooner, commanded by Lieutenant Robert Daniel Lancaster. Captured near Gibraltar by an American privateer Syren, a schooner sporting one heavy long gun, under Captain J.D. Daniels.[126]
  • USS Rattlesnake |  United States Navy | 22 June 1814
    A brig under the command of Lt. James Renshaw, was captured by the 50-gun, British frigate HMS Leander.[117]
  • HMS Avon |  Royal Navy | 27 August 1814
    Cruizer-class brig-sloop built by Symons at Falmouth and launched on 31 January 1805, commanded by James Arbuthnot at time of capture;[127] Captured by USS Wasp, commanded by Commodore Johnston Blakeley.[128]
  • USS President (sloop) |  United States Navy | 11 September 1814
    A 12-gun sloop and the second US Navy ship to carry the name. Captured by British and renamed Icicle.
  • USS Alligator |  United States Navy | 14 December 1814
    A sloop lost to the British at the Battle of Lake Borgne.[129][130][131]
  • USS Tickler |  United States Navy | 14 December 1814
    A sloop-of-war lost to the British at the Battle of Lake Borgne.
  • USS President (frigate) |  United States Navy | 15 January 1815
    A frigate that was named by George Washington, commanded by Stephen Decatur, fell into British hands when encountered by HMS Endymion.[132]
    See: Capture of USS President
  • Chasseur capturing HMS St Lawrence, 1815
    HMS Cyane |  Royal Navy | 20 February 1815
    A 22-gun Banterer-class sixth-rate post ship built in 1806, commanded by Captain Gordon Thomas Falcon; Captured along with HMS Levant approximately 100 miles east of Madeira by USS Constitution, commanded by Charles Stewart[133][134][135]
  • HMS Levant |  Royal Navy | 20 February 1815
    A 20-gun Cyrus-class post ship sixth-rate ship, commanded by Hon. George Douglas; captured along with HMS Cyane, by USS Constitution, commanded by Charles Stewart.[133][134][135]
  • HMS St Lawrence |  Royal Navy | 26 February 1815
    This 14-gun schooner was captured just off Havana by the American privateer Chasseur, commanded by Captain Thomas Boyle, who claimed over thirty prizes as a privateer during the war.[136]
  • HMS Penguin |  Royal Navy | 23 March 1815
    A 19-gun Cruizer-class brig-sloop commanded by James Dickenson; captured by 20-gun sloop-of-war USS Hornet, commanded by James Biddle, following a gunnery duel off the American cruiser base of Tristan da Cunha. Set ablaze after the removal of its stores due to irreparable damage. Final battle of the war between British and American forces.[137]
    See: Capture of HMS Penguin
  • See also: Category:War of 1812 ships of the United Kingdom

Second Barbary War

Chilean war of independence

The Navy of Chile website lists 26 Spanish prizes during the War of Independence. The most famous are probably:

For vessels captured by Chilean Letter of marque ships, see list of prizes

1820–1829

  • La Jeune Eugene |  France | 1821
  • La Daphnee |  France | 1821
  • La Mathilde |  France | 1821
  • L'Elize |  France | 1821
    Above four ships captured together by USS Alligator. All except the La Jeune Eugene escaped while being escorted to Boston. France protests.[142][143]
  • Teresa |  Spain | 9 April 1824
    A Spanish brig outfitted as a slaver, captured at Monrovia by El Vincendor, commanded by Captain Cottrell.[144][145]
  • San Buenaventura |  Spain | 9 January 1827 A Spanish brig captured off Yucatán by Mexican Navy Ship of the line Congreso Mexicano (former Spanish Asia (ship)) with 214 men to Havana.

1830–1839

West Africa Squadron

  • St Helena |  United Kingdom | 6 April 1830
    a British East India packet schooner captured by pirates but retaken by her crew.
  • Daspegado – Spanish pirate vessel, captor of St Helena, captured by HMS Primrose.

War of the Confederation

  • Monteagudo | Confederation | 4 August 1836
    Crew handed the ship over to the Chilean government

Texas Revolution

  • Correo de Mejico |  Mexican Navy | 1 September 1835
    A Mexican Navy warship captured by the merchant ships San Felipe and Laura after a bloody exchange of cannon fire off the coast of Texas known as the San Felipe Incident. On board San Felipe was Stephen F. Austin.
  • Pelican |  Mexican Navy | 3 March 1836
    A Mexican merchantman captured by Captain W. Brown in the Liberty, later ran aground on a sandbar and was wrecked.
  • Independence | | 17 April 1837
    Former cutter USRC Ingham, captured by the Mexican Navy in the Battle of the Brazos River. In service under Mexican flag as La Independencia.

1839

  • La Amistad |  Spain | 1839
    A two-masted schooner built in Spain and owned by a Spaniard living in Cuba. Was used to transport Africans into slavery, who took control of the ship in 1839. Ship was captured off the coast of Long Island by USS Washington.[146]
  • SS Eagle |  Spain |  US | November 1839
  • SS Clara |  Spain |  US | November 1839
  • SS Wyoming |  Spain |  US | November 1839
  • SS Mary Anne Cassard |  Spain |  US | November 1839
    Above four slaver ships seized together off the coast of Africa using American and Spanish flags to suit the occasion along with fraudulent papers. Captured by British cruiser and brought to United States.[146][147]
  • SS Butterfly |  US | 23 September 1839
    Fitted as a slaver, and captured by a British cruiser on the coast of Africa.[148]
  • SS Catharine |  US | October 1839
    Captured on the African coast by a British cruiser, and brought by her to New York.[148]
  • SS Euphrates |  Spain | 1839
    With American papers, seized by British cruisers as Spanish property. Before this she had been boarded fifteen times.[148]
  • SS My Boy |  US | September 1839
    Seized by a British cruiser, and condemned at Sierra Leone.[148]

1840–1849

  • SS Sarah Ann |  US | March 1840
    Captured with fraudulent papers.[148]
  • SS Tigris |  US | 1840
    Captured by British cruisers and sent to Boston for kidnapping.[148]
  • SS Jones |  US | 1840
    Seized by the British.[148]
  • SS Shakespeare |  US | 7 November 1842
    Shakespeare, of Baltimore, with 430 slaves, captured by British cruisers.[149]
  • SS Cyrus |  US | 1844
    Cyrus, of New Orleans, suspected slaver, captured by the British cruiser Alert.[149]
  • SS Spitfire |  US | 14 May 1845
    Spitfire, of New Orleans, captured on the coast of Africa, under American flag and the captain indicted in Boston.[149]
  • SS Casco |  US | 1849
    Slaver, with no papers; searched, and captured with 420 slaves, by a British cruiser.[150]

Mexican–American War

At the onset of the Mexican–American War on 12 May 1846, Commodore John D. Sloat was in command of the Pacific fleet. The Pacific war against Mexico lasted only eight months with few casualties. The Pacific fleet consisted mainly of ten ships: two ships of the line, two frigates, two sloops-of-war, and four sloops. As the Mexican navy was very small few vessels were ever captured.

First Schleswig War

During the First Schleswig War (1848 – 1850) the Royal Danish Navy first supported the Danish Army's advance south against the rebels in Schleswig-Holstein, and later blockaded the German ports.[152]

  • Christian der achte |  Schleswig-Holstein Private ship | 31 March 1848
    A civilian steamship, captured by the Danish naval steamer Hekla and the brig St. Thomas at Aabenraa. Used as a transport by the Royal Danish Navy.[152]
  • Gefion |  Royal Danish Navy | 5 April 1849
    A frigate, captured by Prussian forces during the Battle of Eckernförde.[152]
  • Von der Tann |  Schleswig-Holstein | 1853
    A gunboat, surrendered to the Royal Danish Navy after the end of the First Schleswig War. Commissioned into Danish service as Støren

1850–1859

  • SS Martha |  US |  Empire of Brazil | 7 June 1850
    Martha, of New York, captured by USS Perry when about to embark from southern coast of Africa with 1800 slaves. The captain was admitted to bail, and escaped.[153][154]
  • Volusia |  Empire of Brazil | 2 July 1850
    A Brazilian brig outfitted as a slaver with a Brazilian crew, carrying false papers under the American flag, captured near Kabinda off the Congo River by British steam-sloop HMS Rattler, commanded by Arthur Cumming.[155]
  • SS Lucy Ann |  US | 1850
    Lucy Ann, of Boston, captured with 547 slaves by the British.[150]
  • SS Navarre | Country of origin unknown | 1850
    Slaver, trading to Brazil, boarded, searched and seized by the commander of H. M. steam-sloop HMS Firefly.[150][156]
  • SS Glamorgan |  US | 1853
    Glamorgan, of New York, captured when about to depart with approximately 700 slaves.[150]
  • SS Grey Eagle |  US | 1854
    Grey Eagle, of Philadelphia, captured off Cuba by British.[150]
  • SS William Clark |  US | 1857
    Ship from New Orleans, seized after prolonged surveillance by HMS Firefly.[157][158]
  • SS Jupiter |  US | 1857
    Fitted out at New Orleans, captured by HMS Antelope with 70 slaves aboard.[157][158]
  • SS Eliza Jane |  US | 22 August 1857
    Fitted out at New York, captured by HMS Alecto without papers or colors.[157][158]
  • SS Jos. H. Record |  US |  Spain |1857
    A schooner from Newport, Rhode Island, captured by HMS Antelope with 191 slaves aboard. Crew members from Spain and USA.[157][158]
  • SS Onward |  US | 1857
    Slaver vessel out of Boston, suspected of several smuggling attempts under American colors. Captured by HMS Alecto.[157][158]
  • SS Echo |  US |  Empire of Brazil | 21 August 1858
    The Echo was commanded by Captain Edward Townsend and financed by foreign nationals from Brazil and was captured by USS Dolphin off the northern coast of Cuba near the Santaren Channel with 306 slaves.[158][159]

1860–1869

American Civil War

During the American Civil War the Union blockade at first proved to be ineffective at keeping ships from entering or leaving southern ports, but towards the end of the war, it played a significant role in its victory over the Confederate states. By the end of the war, the Union Navy had captured many Confederate ships, moreover had also captured more than 1,100 blockade runners while destroying or running aground another 355 vessels. Using specially-designed blockade runners, private business interests from Britain, however, succeeded in supplying the Confederate Army with goods valued at $200 million, including 600,000 small arms.[162][163] Rhat extended the war by two years and cost the lives of 400,000 additional Americans.[164][165][166]

Second Schleswig War

During the Second Schleswig War in 1864 the Royal Danish Navy blockaded the German ports. While the Danes suffered military defeat on land during the conflict, their navy succeeded in maintaining the blockade throughout the war.[216]

  • Neptunus |  Germany Private ship | 8 March 1864
    A civilian ship, captured by the Danish frigate Jylland off Helsingør.[216]
  • Eudora |  Hamburg Private ship | 2 April 1864
    A civilian barque, captured by the Danish corvette Dagmar off Hamburg.[216]

Chincha Islands War

The Chincha Islands War (1864 – 1866) was a mostly naval conflict between Spain and her former South American colonies Peru, Chile, Ecuador and Bolivia.

1870–1879

Ten Years' War

The Ten Years' War was fought between Cuban revolutionaries and Spain. Breaking out in 1868, the war was won by Spain by 1878.

  • Virginius | ( United States) | 30 October 1873
    The blockade runner, carrying 103 Cuban soldiers, was captured by the Spanish corvette Tornado. After initially executing 53 crew members as pirates, the Spanish authorities were pressured by the US and British governments to release the ship and the 91 surviving crew in December 1873.

War of the Pacific

The War of the Pacific (1879 – 1883) was fought between Peru and Bolivia on one side, with Chile on the other. Chile emerged victorious.

  • Rimac |  Chilean Navy | 23 July 1879
    The troopship was captured by the Peruvian ironclad Huáscar and the Peruvian corvette Unión off Antofagasta. The ship was taken into service with the Peruvian Navy.[217]
  • Huáscar |  Peruvian Navy | 8 October 1879
    The ironclad was captured by Chilean naval forces in the Battle of Angamos. The ship was taken into service with the Chilean Navy under the same name and is still afloat as a museum and historical memorial ship at the port of Talcahuano, Chile
  • Pilcomayo |  Peruvian Navy |18 November 1879
    captured by Chilean Blanco Encalada.
  • Alay |  Peruvian Navy | 22 December 1879
    captured by Chilean transporter Amazonas between Panama and El Callao.[218]

1880–1889

(Ship names / Information forthcoming)

1890–1899

First Sino-Japanese War

The 1894–95 First Sino-Japanese War was fought between Qing Dynasty China and Meiji Japan over dominance of Korea. The war ended in Japanese victory and great Chinese loss of territory and prestige.

  • Tsao-kiang | Beiyang Navy Beiyang Navy | 27 July 1894
    The gunboat was captured by the Japanese cruiser Akitsushima during the Battle of Pungdo. She served in the Japanese Navy and government service under the name Sōkō until 1924. Sold to civilian interests, she sailed as a transport until scrapped in 1964.
  • Fulong | Beiyang Navy Beiyang Navy | 7 February 1895
    The torpedo boat was captured by Japanese forces during the Battle of Weihaiwei on 7 February 1895. She served in the Japanese Navy under the name Fukuryū until sold for scrap in 1908.
  • Jiyuan | Beiyang Navy Beiyang Navy | 17 February 1895
    The cruiser was captured by Japanese forces after the 17 February 1895 Battle of Weihaiwei. She served in the Japanese Navy under the name Saien until mined and sunk off Port Arthur on 30 November 1904, during the Russo-Japanese War.
  • Pingyuan | Beiyang Navy Beiyang Navy | 17 February 1895
    The armored cruiser was captured by Japanese forces after the 17 February 1895 Battle of Weihaiwei. She served in the Japanese Navy first under the name Ping Yuen Go and later as Heien until mined and sunk west of Port Arthur on 18 September 1904, during the Russo-Japanese War.
  • Zhenyuan | Beiyang Navy Beiyang Navy | 17 February 1895
    The turret ship was captured by Japanese forces after the 17 February 1895 Battle of Weihaiwei. She served in the Japanese Navy under the name Chin'en until scrapped in 1914.

Spanish–American War

The Spanish–American War lasted only ten weeks and was fought in both the Caribbean and the Pacific theaters. American naval power proved decisive, allowing U.S. expeditionary forces to disembark in Spanish controlled Cuba which was already under constant pressure from frequent insurgent attacks. It is the only American war that was prompted by the fate of a single ship, the USS Maine, then berthed in a Cuban harbor, which exploded while its crew lay asleep.

  • Saranac | ( United States) | 26 February 1898
    The bark Saranac—under Captain Bartaby—was captured in the Philippines by the Spanish gunboat Elcano carrying 1,640 short tons (1,490 t) of coal from Newcastle, New South Wales, to Iloilo, for Admiral Dewey's fleet.[citation needed]
  • Elcano |  Spanish Navy | 1 May 1898
    The gunboat was captured by US naval forces during the Battle of Manila Bay on 1 May 1898. She was officially turned over to the US Navy on 9 November 1898.
  • Reina Mercedes |  Spanish Navy | 17 July 1898
    The scuttled cruiser was captured by US naval forces at Santiago de Cuba. The ship was raised in 1899 and taken into service with the US Navy.

See also

References

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Notes

  1. ^ 1800 is usually considered part of the 18th century; ships captured that year which are listed here have histories and surrounding histories that extend into the 19th century and are included in this list for continuity and context.
  2. ^ Not to be confused with USS Merrimack (1855) commanded by Moses Brown.[9]
  3. ^ Some sources spell it as L'Ambuscade[30]
  4. ^ HMS Victory was Admiral Nelson's flagship at the Battle of Trafalgar
  5. ^ Not to be confused with James Wallace (Royal Navy officer) who died in 1803.
  6. ^ After his release from capture Captain Lucas was personally awarded the 'Gold Cross of the Legion of Honor' by Napoleon for his courageous effort during the battle.[43]
  7. ^ Redoutable lost more than 80% of her crew: 300 killed, 222 wounded.
  8. ^ Some sources spell name as Santa Anna[51][52]
  9. ^ Accounts vary: 'J.Thiers' claims Monacra was smashed to pieces on the rocks during the storm that followed the battle.[58]
  10. ^ Ship was renamed several times: Viala, Voltaire, Constitution, Jupiter
  11. ^ Néréide was captured three different times: first capture by British on 20 December 1797; second capture by French on 23 August 1810; third capture by British 3 December 1810.
  12. ^ Not to be confused with USS Frolic (1813) or USS Frolic (1862)
  13. ^ Mortally wounded and died seven days after the battle.
  14. ^ Not to be confused with a second Pictou brought into the Royal Navy at Halifax after its capture as the French Bonne Foi on 30 July 1814.[116]
  15. ^ Epervier captured a number of ships before her capture: American privateers, Portsmouth Packet, Alfred, Lively, Active[119]
  16. ^ Peterson (1857) claims 'Captain Manners' was in command at time of capture.[124]
  17. ^ Some sources spell the name as 'Siren' .[125]
  18. ^ Many (most?) sources spell the name as Merrimac without the 'k'.
  19. ^ Accounts of capturing ship differ: The Naval History Division, Office of the Chief of Naval Operations claim it was USS Mount Vernon and USS Mystic that captured the Napier.[184]
  20. ^ John Rodgers was the grandson of the famous Commodore John Rodgers born in 1772.
  21. ^ also spelled as Siren

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