Metabolic intermediate

Metabolic intermediates are molecules that are the precursors or metabolites of biologically significant molecules.[1]

Although these intermediates are of relatively minor direct importance to cellular function, they can play important roles in the allosteric regulation of enzymes.

Clinical significance

Some can be useful in measuring rates of metabolic processes (for example, 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid or 3-aminoisobutyrate).

Because they can represent unnatural points of entry into natural metabolic pathways, some (such as AICA ribonucleotide) are of interest to researchers in developing new therapies.

See also

  • Metabolism
  • v
  • t
  • e
Fructose and galactose metabolic intermediates
Fructose
  • Fructose-1-phosphate → DHAP/Glyceraldehyde → Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate
Galactose
  • Galactose-1-phosphate → Glucose 1-phosphate → Glucose 6-phosphate → Fructose 6-phosphate
Mannose
  • v
  • t
  • e
Cholesterol and steroid metabolic intermediates
Mevalonate pathway
to HMG-CoA
Ketone bodies
to DMAPP
Geranyl-
Carotenoid
Non-mevalonate pathway
To Cholesterol
From Cholesterol
to Steroid hormones
  • 22R-Hydroxycholesterol
  • 20α,22R-Dihydroxycholesterol
  • See here instead.
Nonhuman
To Sitosterol
To Ergocalciferol
  • v
  • t
  • e
Amino acid metabolism metabolic intermediates
Kacetyl-CoA
lysine
leucine
tryptophanalanine
G
G→pyruvate
citrate
glycine
serine
G→glutamate
α-ketoglutarate
histidine
proline
arginine
other
G→propionyl-CoA
succinyl-CoA
valine
isoleucine
methionine
threonine
propionyl-CoA
G→fumarate
phenylalaninetyrosine
G→oxaloacetate
Other
Cysteine metabolism
  • v
  • t
  • e
Nucleotide metabolic intermediates
purine
metabolism
anabolism
R5PIMP:
IMPAMP:
IMPGMP:
catabolism
pyrimidine
metabolism
anabolism
catabolism
uracil:
thymine:
  • v
  • t
  • e
Heme metabolic intermediates
Porphyrin biosynthesis
early mitochondrial:
cytosolic:
late mitochondrial:
Heme degradation
and excretion
Breakdown of heme
spleen:
blood:
liver:
Intestine, excretion in feces
Kidney, excretion in urine
  • v
  • t
  • e
Thyroid hormone metabolic intermediates
Tyrosine / iodotyrosine
Thyronine / iodothyronine
Thyronamine / iodothyronamine
Iodothyroacetate / iodothyroacetic acid

References

  1. ^ Muchowska, Kamila B.; Varma, Sreejith J.; Moran, Joseph (May 2019). "Synthesis and breakdown of universal metabolic precursors promoted by iron". Nature. 569 (7754): 104–107. Bibcode:2019Natur.569..104M. doi:10.1038/s41586-019-1151-1. ISSN 1476-4687. PMC 6517266. PMID 31043728.


Stub icon

This biochemistry article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

  • v
  • t
  • e