Quietus
Usurper of the Roman Empire (died 261)
| Quietus | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Usurper of the Roman Empire | |||||||||
 Quietus on a coin celebrating Eternal Rome.[1] | |||||||||
| Reign | 260-1 (with Macrianus Minor) | ||||||||
| Predecessor | Gallienus | ||||||||
| Successor | Gallienus | ||||||||
| Died | 261 Emesa, Syria | ||||||||
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| Father | Macrianus Major | ||||||||
| Mother | ? (of senatorial descent) | ||||||||
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Crisis of the Third Century
Reign of Maximinus Thrax (235–238)
- Death of Alexander Severus (235)
- Harzhorn (c. 235)
- Usurpation of Magnus (c. 235)
- Usurpation of Quartinus (235)
Year of the Six Emperors (238)
- Revolt of Gordian I & Gordian II (238)
- Battle of Carthage (238)
- Siege of Aquileia (238)
- Reign of Pupienus & Balbinus (238)
- Invasion of the Carpi (238–239)
Reign of Gordian III (238–244)
- Sabinianus Revolt (240)
- Fall of Hatra (241)
- Resaena (243)
- Misiche (244)
Reign of Philip the Arab (244–249)
- Invasion of the Carpi (245–247)
- Secular Games of 248 (248)
- Usurpation of Sponsianus (240s)
- Usurpation of Pacatianus (248)
- Usurpation of Jotapianus (249)
- Usurpation of Silbannacus (249 or 253)
- Decius' Rebellion (249)
Verona and death of Philip & Philip II (249)
Reign of Decius (249–251)
- Plague of Cyprian (250–270)
- Decian persecution (250–251)
- Gothic invasion of Cniva (250–251)
- Carpi invasion of Dacia (250)
- Nicopolis ad Istrum (250)
- Beroe (250)
- Philippopolis (250)
- Usurpation of Julius Priscus (251)
- Abritus and death of Decius and Etruscus (251)
Reign of Trebonianus Gallus (251–253)
- Death of Hostilian (251)
- Mariades' Revolt (252)
- Nisibis (252)
- Barbalissos (253)
- Interamna Nahars (c 253)
Reign of Aemilianus (253)
- Antioch (253)
Reign of Valerian and Gallienus (253–260)
- Thessalonica (254)
- Thermopylae (254)
- Dura-Europos (256)
- Gothic invasion (256–257)
- Invasion of Shapur (258)
- Invasion of the Alemanni (258–260 approx)
- Mediolanum (259)
- Scythian invasion (259–260)
- Edessa (260)
Reign of Gallienus (260–268)
- Caesarea (260)
- Usurpation of Ingenuus (260)
- Usurpation of Regalianus (260)
- Usurpation of Macrianus Major (c. 259–261)
- Gallic Empire (260–274)
- Death of Saloninus (260)
- Roxolani Invasion of Pannonia (260)
- Campaigns of Odaenathus (260–267)
- Usurpation of Quietus (261)
- Usurpation of Balista (261)
- Usurpation of Valens Thessalonicus (261)
- Usurpation of Lucius Calpurnius Piso Frugi (261)
- Usurpation of Macrianus Minor (261)
- Pannonian Rebellion (261)
- Usurpation of Mussius Aemilianus (261–262)
- Postumus' Campaign against the Franks (262)
- Postumus' Campaign against the Alamanni (263)
- Ctesiphon (263)
- Scythian Invasion (265–266)
- Assassination of Odaenathus (267)
- Usurpation of Maeonius (266–267)
- Scythian Invasion (267–269)
- Heruli Raids (267)
- Athens (267)
- Usurpation of Acilius Aureolus (268)
Reign of Claudius Gothicus (268–270)
- Usurpation of Laelianus (269)
- Reign of Marcus Aurelius Marius (269)
- Augustodunum Haeduorum
- Naissus (268/269)
- Lake Benacus (268 or 269)
- Capture of Athens (269)
- Palmyrene Empire (270–273)
- Bostra (270)
- Palmyrene invasion of Egypt (270)
- Vandal Invasion (270)
Reign of Aurelian (270–275)
- Usurpation of Victorinus Junior (271)
- Junthungi Invasion (271)
- Domitian II (271)
- Tetricus I & Tetricus II (271–274)
- Rebellion of Felicissimus (270s)
- Placentia (271)
- Fano (271)
- Pavia (271)
- Tyana (272)
- Immae (272)
- Emesa (272)
- Razing of Palmyra (273)
- Usurpation of Faustinus (c. 273)
- Châlons (274)
Reign of Tacitus (275-276)
- Gothic Invasion (276-277)
Reign of Probus (276-282)
- Vandal Invasion (276-278)
- Sarmatian Invasion (278)
- Usurpation of Bonosus & Proculus (280)
- Usurpation of Julius Saturninus (280)
Reign of Carus (282-283)
- Carus' invasion of the Sasanian Empire (283)
Reign of Carinus (283-285)
- Usurpation of Julian of Pannonia (284-285)
- Margum (285)
Titus Fulvius Junius Quietus (died 261) was a Roman usurper against Roman Emperor Gallienus.
History
Quietus was the son of Fulvius Macrianus[2] and a noblewoman, possibly named Junia. According to Historia Augusta, he was a military tribune under Valerian,[3] but this information is challenged by historians.[citation needed]
He gained the imperial office with his brother Macrianus Minor, after the capture of Emperor Valerian in the Sassanid campaign of 260.[4] With the lawful heir, Gallienus, being far away in the West, the soldiers elected the two emperors. The support of his father, controller of the imperial treasure, and the influence of Balista, Praetorian prefect of the late Emperor Valerian, proved instrumental in his promotion.[5]
Quietus and Macrianus, elected consuls,[6] had to face the Emperor Gallienus, at the time in the West. Quietus and Balista stayed in the eastern provinces, while his brother and father marched their army to Europe to seize control of the Roman Empire. After the defeat and deaths of his brother and father in Thrace in 261, Quietus lost the control of the provinces in favour of Septimus Odaenathus of Palmyra, a loyal client king of the Romans who had helped push the Persians out of the eastern provinces and recovered Roman Mesopotamia in 260.[citation needed] Forced to flee to the city of Emesa,[7] he was besieged there by Odaenathus,[citation needed] during the course of which he was killed by its inhabitants, possibly instigated by Balista.[8]
Cultural depictions
Quietus appears in Harry Sidebottom's historical fiction novel series as one of the series' antagonists.
References
- ^ The coinage of Quietus and of his brother and co-emperor Macrianus Minor celebrated the army, the confidence in victory, and the foreseen arrival of happy times. All of these themes were very important in a time of emergency, when the Roman Empire had lost its Emperor in battle against the Sassanid Empire.
- ^ Jones, pg. 757
- ^ Historia Augusta, Tyranni Triginta, 12:10
- ^ Jones, pg. 758
- ^ Körner, www.roman-emperors.org/galusurp.htm#Note%202
- ^ Körner, www.roman-emperors.org/galusurp.htm#Note%202
- ^ Jones, pg. 757
- ^ (Zonaras xii.24)
Sources
- Körner, Christian, "Usurpers in the east: The Macriani and Ballista", s.v. "Usurpers under Gallienus", De Imperatoribus Romanis
- Jones, A.H.M., Martindale, J.R. The Prosopography of the Later Roman Empire, Vol. I: AD260-395, Cambridge University Press, 1971
External links
Media related to Quietus at Wikimedia Commons
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| Preceded by | Consul of the Roman Empire 261 with Macrianus Minor, Postumus, Gallienus, Lucius Petronius Taurus Volusianus | Succeeded by |
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