Rupicapra

Genus of mammals

Rupicapra
Chamois
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Artiodactyla
Family: Bovidae
Subfamily: Caprinae
Tribe: Caprini
Genus: Rupicapra
Garsault, 1764
Type species
Capra rupicapra
Linnaeus, 1768
Range of Rupicapra during the Holocene (grey) and present range (red)

Rupicapra is a genus of goat-antelope called the chamois. They belong to the bovine family of hoofed mammals, the Bovidae.

Two extant species are recognized.[1]

Image Scientific name Common Name Distribution
Rupicapra rupicapra Alpine chamois the mountains of southern and central Europe and Turkey and the Caucasus in southwest Asia
Rupicapra pyrenaica Pyrenean chamois the Pyrenees (a mountain range in southwestern Europe) and Apennines

The Apennine chamois (Rupicapra pyrenaica ornata)[2] is a subspecies of the Pyrenean chamois, a goat-like mammal found in the mountains of Europe. Both male and female have hook-shaped horns that slightly curl backwards and grow little by little each year, never falling off. Their coats are light brown in the summer and darker in the winter, with a light colored mark on the throat. There are also two darker bands on their flanks.

In the summer, the Apennine chamois prefers rock faces and pasture lands at heights above 1700 meters for its habitat, and in the winter it prefers to retreat to the woods below. Diet of the chamois consists of grasses, leaves, buds, shoots and fungi. Adult males prefer a solitary life, only approaching females during the mating season. Groups consist only of females, young males, and "kids." Females give birth to only one kid after a gestation period of 23 to 24 weeks.[3]

A 2014 study by Durham University discovered that these goats are shrinking in size due to global warming and climatic changes.[4]

References

  1. ^ Grubb, P. (2005). "Order Artiodactyla". In Wilson, D.E.; Reeder, D.M (eds.). Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Johns Hopkins University Press. pp. 711–712. ISBN 978-0-8018-8221-0. OCLC 62265494.
  2. ^ "ITIS - Report: Rupicapra pyrenaica ornata". www.itis.gov. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service.
  3. ^ "Apennine Chamois Facts - Photos - Earth's Endangered Creatures".
  4. ^ "Mountain Goats Are Shrinking—A Lot—Because of Global Warming". National Geographic Society. Archived from the original on January 24, 2018. Retrieved 23 October 2014.

External links

  • Garsault, F.A.P. de 1764. Les figures des plantes et animaux d'usage en médecine, décrits dans la Matière Médicale de Mr. Geoffroy Médecin, dessinés d'après nature. Gravés par Mrs. Defehrt, Prevost, Duflos, Martinet &c. Niquet scrip. Vol. 5. pl. 644–729. Paris: Desprez. BHL. Reference page.
  • Welter-Schultes, F.W. & Klug, R. 2009. Nomenclatural consequences resulting from the rediscovery of Les figures des plantes et animaux d’usage en médecine, a rare work published by Garsault in 1764, in the zoological literature. Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature 66(3): 225–241. doi:10.21805/bzn.v66i3.a1. Reference page.
  • Wilson, Don E.; Reeder, Deeann M. (2005). Rupicapra in Mammal Species of the World. Wilson, Don E. & Reeder, DeeAnn M. (Editors) 2005. Mammal Species of the World – A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference. Third edition. ISBN 0-8018-8221-4.
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Extant Artiodactyla species
Suborder Ruminantia
Antilocapridae
Antilocapra
  • Pronghorn (A. americana)
Giraffidae
Okapia
  • Okapi (O. johnstoni)
Giraffa
  • Northern giraffe (G. camelopardalis)
  • Southern giraffe (G. giraffa)
  • Reticulated giraffe (G. reticulata)
  • Masai giraffe (G. tippelskirchi)
Moschidae
Moschus
  • Anhui musk deer (M. anhuiensis)
  • Dwarf musk deer (M. berezovskii)
  • Alpine musk deer (M. chrysogaster)
  • Kashmir musk deer (M. cupreus)
  • Black musk deer (M. fuscus)
  • Himalayan musk deer (M. leucogaster)
  • Siberian musk deer (M. moschiferus)
Tragulidae
Hyemoschus
  • Water chevrotain (H. aquaticus)
Moschiola
  • Indian spotted chevrotain (M. indica)
  • Yellow-striped chevrotain (M. kathygre)
  • Sri Lankan spotted chevrotain (M. meminna)
Tragulus
  • Java mouse-deer (T. javanicus)
  • Lesser mouse-deer (T. kanchil)
  • Greater mouse-deer (T. napu)
  • Philippine mouse-deer (T. nigricans)
  • Vietnam mouse-deer (T. versicolor)
  • Williamson's mouse-deer (T. williamsoni)
Cervidae
Large family listed below
Bovidae
Large family listed below
Family Cervidae
Cervinae
Muntiacus
  • Bornean yellow muntjac (M. atherodes)
  • Hairy-fronted muntjac (M. crinifrons)
  • Fea's muntjac (M. feae)
  • Gongshan muntjac (M. gongshanensis)
  • Sumatran muntjac (M. montanus)
  • Southern red muntjac (M. muntjak)
  • Pu Hoat muntjac (M. puhoatensis)
  • Leaf muntjac (M. putaoensis)
  • Reeves's muntjac (M. reevesi)
  • Roosevelt's muntjac (M. rooseveltorum)
  • Truong Son muntjac (M. truongsonensis)
  • Northern red muntjac (M. vaginalis)
  • Giant muntjac (M. vuquangensis)
Elaphodus
  • Tufted deer (E. cephalophus)
Dama
  • European fallow deer (D. dama)
  • Persian fallow deer (D. mesopotamica)
Axis
  • Chital (A. axis)
  • Calamian deer (A. calamianensis)
  • Bawean deer (A. kuhlii)
  • Hog deer (A. porcinus)
Rucervus
  • Barasingha (R. duvaucelii)
  • Eld's deer (R. eldii)
Elaphurus
  • Père David's deer (E. davidianus)
Rusa
  • Visayan spotted deer (R. alfredi)
  • Philippine sambar (R. mariannus)
  • Rusa deer (R. timorensis)
  • Sambar (R. unicolor)
Cervus
  • Thorold's deer (C. albirostris)
  • Red deer (C. elaphus)
  • Elk (C. canadensis)
  • Central Asian red deer (C. hanglu)
  • Sika deer (C. nippon)
Capreolinae
Alces
  • Moose (A. alces)
Hydropotes
  • Water deer (H. inermis)
Capreolus
  • European roe deer (C. capreolus)
  • Siberian roe deer (C. pygargus)
Rangifer
  • Reindeer (R. tarandus)
Hippocamelus
  • Taruca (H. antisensis)
  • South Andean deer (H. bisulcus)
Mazama
  • Red brocket (M. americana)
  • Small red brocket (M. bororo)
  • Merida brocket (M. bricenii)
  • Dwarf brocket (M. chunyi)
  • Gray brocket (M. gouazoubira)
  • Pygmy brocket (M. nana)
  • Amazonian brown brocket (M. nemorivaga)
  • Little red brocket (M. rufina)
  • Central American red brocket (M. temama)
Ozotoceros
  • Pampas deer (O. bezoarticus)
Blastocerus
  • Marsh deer (B. dichotomus)
Pudu
  • Northern pudu (P. mephistophiles)?
  • Southern pudu (P. pudu)
Pudella?
  • Peruvian Yungas pudu (P. carlae)
  • Northern pudu (P. mephistophiles)
Odocoileus
  • Mule deer (O. hemionus)
  • Yucatan brown brocket (O. pandora)
  • White-tailed deer (O. virginianus)
Family Bovidae
Hippotraginae
Hippotragus
  • Roan antelope (H. equinus)
  • Sable antelope (H. niger)
Oryx
  • East African oryx (O. beisa)
  • Scimitar oryx (O. dammah)
  • Gemsbok (O. gazella)
  • Arabian oryx (O. leucoryx)
Addax
  • Addax (A. nasomaculatus)
Reduncinae
Kobus
  • Waterbuck (K. ellipsiprymnus)
  • Kob (K. kob)
  • Lechwe (K. leche)
  • Nile lechwe (K. megaceros)
  • Puku (K. vardonii)
Redunca
  • Southern reedbuck (R. arundinum)
  • Mountain reedbuck (R. fulvorufula)
  • Bohor reedbuck (R. redunca)
Aepycerotinae
Aepyceros
  • Impala (A. melampus)
Peleinae
Pelea
  • Grey rhebok (P. capreolus)
Alcelaphinae
Beatragus
  • Hirola (B. hunteri)
Damaliscus
  • Common tsessebe (D. lunatus)
  • Bontebok (D. pygargus)
Alcelaphus
  • Hartebeest (A. buselaphus)
Connochaetes
  • Black wildebeest (C. gnou)
  • Blue wildebeest (C. taurinus)
Pantholopinae
Pantholops
  • Tibetan antelope (P. hodgsonii)
Caprinae
Large subfamily listed below
Bovinae
Large subfamily listed below
Antilopinae
Large subfamily listed below
Family Bovidae (subfamily Caprinae)
Ammotragus
  • Barbary sheep (A. lervia)
Arabitragus
  • Arabian tahr (A. jayakari)
Budorcas
  • Takin (B. taxicolor)
Capra
  • Wild goat (C. aegagrus)
  • West Caucasian tur (C. caucasia)
  • East Caucasian tur (C. cylindricornis)
  • Markhor (C. falconeri)
  • Domestic goat (C. hircus)
  • Alpine ibex (C. ibex)
  • Nubian ibex (C. nubiana)
  • Iberian ibex (C. pyrenaica)
  • Siberian ibex (C. sibirica)
  • Walia ibex (C. walie)
Capricornis
  • Japanese serow (C. crispus)
  • Red serow (C. rubidus)
  • Mainland serow (C. sumatraensis)
  • Taiwan serow (C. swinhoei)
Hemitragus
  • Himalayan tahr (H. jemlahicus)
Naemorhedus
  • Red goral (N. baileyi)
  • Long-tailed goral (N. caudatus)
  • Himalayan goral (N. goral)
  • Chinese goral (N. griseus)
Oreamnos
  • Mountain goat (O. americanus)
Ovibos
  • Muskox (O. moschatus)
Nilgiritragus
  • Nilgiri tahr (N. hylocrius)
Ovis
  • Argali (O. ammon)
  • Domestic sheep (O. aries)
  • Bighorn sheep (O. canadensis)
  • Dall sheep (O. dalli)
  • Mouflon (O. gmelini)
  • Snow sheep (O. nivicola)
  • Urial (O. vignei)
Pseudois
  • Bharal (P. nayaur)
Rupicapra
  • Pyrenean chamois (R. pyrenaica)
  • Chamois (R. rupicapra)
Family Bovidae (subfamily Bovinae)
Boselaphini
Tetracerus
  • Four-horned antelope (T. quadricornis)
Boselaphus
  • Nilgai (B. tragocamelus)
Bovini
Bubalus
  • Wild water buffalo (B. arnee)
  • Domestic water buffalo (B. bubalis)
  • Lowland anoa (B. depressicornis)
  • Tamaraw (B. mindorensis)
  • Mountain anoa (B. quarlesi)
Bos
  • American bison (B. bison)
  • European bison (B. bonasus)
  • Bali cattle (B. domesticus)
  • Gayal (B. frontalis)
  • Gaur (B. gaurus)
  • Domestic yak (B. grunniens)
  • Zebu (B. indicus)
  • Banteng (B. javanicus)
  • Wild yak (B. mutus)
  • Cattle (B. taurus)
Pseudoryx
  • Saola (P. nghetinhensis)
Syncerus
  • African buffalo (S. caffer)
Tragelaphini
Tragelaphus
(including kudus)
  • Nyala (T. angasii)
  • Mountain nyala (T. buxtoni)
  • Bongo (T. eurycerus)
  • Lesser kudu (T. imberbis)
  • Harnessed bushbuck (T. scriptus)
  • Sitatunga (T. spekeii)
  • Greater kudu (T. strepsiceros)
  • Cape bushbuck (T. sylvaticus)
Taurotragus
  • Giant eland (T. derbianus)
  • Common eland (T. oryx)
Family Bovidae (subfamily Antilopinae)
Antilopini
Ammodorcas
  • Dibatag (A. clarkei)
Antidorcas
  • Springbok (A. marsupialis)
Antilope
  • Blackbuck (A. cervicapra)
Eudorcas
  • Mongalla gazelle (E. albonotata)
  • Red-fronted gazelle (E. rufifrons)
  • Thomson's gazelle (E. thomsonii)
  • Heuglin's gazelle (E. tilonura)
Gazella
  • Chinkara (G. bennettii)
  • Cuvier's gazelle (G. cuvieri)
  • Dorcas gazelle (G. dorcas)
  • Erlanger's gazelle (G. erlangeri)
  • Mountain gazelle (G. gazella)
  • Rhim gazelle (G. leptoceros)
  • Speke's gazelle (G. spekei)
  • Goitered gazelle (G. subgutturosa)
Litocranius
  • Gerenuk (L. walleri)
Nanger
  • Dama gazelle (N. dama)
  • Grant's gazelle (N. granti)
  • Bright's gazelle (N. notatus)
  • Peter's gazelle (N. petersii)
  • Soemmerring's gazelle (N. soemmerringii)
Procapra
  • Mongolian gazelle (P. gutturosa)
  • Goa (P. picticaudata)
  • Przewalski's gazelle (P. przewalskii)
Saigini
Pantholops
  • Tibetan antelope (P. hodgsonii)
Saiga
  • Saiga antelope (S. tatarica)
Neotragini
Dorcatragus
  • Beira (D. megalotis)
Madoqua
  • Günther's dik-dik (M. guentheri)
  • Kirk's dik-dik (M. kirkii)
  • Silver dik-dik (M. piacentinii)
  • Salt's dik-dik (M. saltiana)
Neotragus
  • Bates' pygmy antelope (N. batesi)
  • Suni (N. moschatus)
  • Royal antelope (N. pygmaeus)
Oreotragus
  • Klipspringer (O. oreotragus)
Ourebia
  • Oribi (O. ourebi)
Raphicerus
  • Steenbok (R. campestris)
  • Cape grysbok (R. melanotis)
  • Sharpe's grysbok (R. sharpei)
Cephalophini
Cephalophus
  • Aders's duiker (C. adersi)
  • Brooke's duiker (C. brookei)
  • Peters' duiker (C. callipygus)
  • White-legged duiker (C. crusalbum)
  • Bay duiker (C. dorsalis)
  • Harvey's duiker (C. harveyi)
  • Jentink's duiker (C. jentinki)
  • White-bellied duiker (C. leucogaster)
  • Red forest duiker (C. natalensis)
  • Black duiker (C. niger)
  • Black-fronted duiker (C. nigrifrons)
  • Ogilby's duiker (C. ogilbyi)
  • Ruwenzori duiker (C. rubidis)
  • Red-flanked duiker (C. rufilatus)
  • Yellow-backed duiker (C. silvicultor)
  • Abbott's duiker (C. spadix)
  • Weyns's duiker (C. weynsi)
  • Zebra duiker (C. zebra)
Philantomba
  • Blue duiker (P. monticola)
  • Maxwell's duiker (P. maxwellii)
  • Walter's duiker (P. walteri)
Sylvicapra
  • Common duiker (S. grimmia)
Suborder Suina
Suidae
Babyrousa
  • Buru babirusa (B. babyrussa)
  • North Sulawesi babirusa (B. celebensis)
  • Togian babirusa (B. togeanensis)
Hylochoerus
  • Giant forest hog (H. meinertzhageni)
Phacochoerus
  • Desert warthog (P. aethiopicus)
  • Common warthog (P. africanus)
Porcula
  • Pygmy hog (P. salvania)
Potamochoerus
  • Bushpig (P. larvatus)
  • Red river hog (P. porcus)
Sus
  • Palawan bearded pig (S. ahoenobarbus)
  • Bornean bearded pig (S. barbatus)
  • Visayan warty pig (S. cebifrons)
  • Celebes warty pig (S. celebensis)
  • Domestic pig (S. domesticus)
  • Flores warty pig (S. heureni)
  • Oliver's warty pig (S. oliveri)
  • Philippine warty pig (S. philippensis)
  • Wild boar (S. scrofa)
  • Timor warty pig (S. timoriensis)
  • Javan warty pig (S. verrucosus)
Tayassuidae
Tayassu
  • White-lipped peccary (T. pecari)
Catagonus
  • Chacoan peccary (C. wagneri)
Dicotyles
  • Collared peccary (D. tajacu)
Suborder Tylopoda
Camelidae
Lama
  • Llama (L. glama)
  • Guanaco (L. guanicoe)
  • Alpaca (L. pacos)
  • Vicuña (L. vicugna)
Camelus
  • Domestic Bactrian camel (C. bactrianus)
  • Dromedary/Arabian camel (C. dromedarius)
  • Wild Bactrian camel (C. ferus)
Suborder Whippomorpha
Hippopotamidae
Hippopotamus
  • Hippopotamus (H. amphibius)
Choeropsis
  • Pygmy hippopotamus (C. liberiensis)
Cetacea
  • see Cetacea
Taxon identifiers
Rupicapra
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