Umi Yukaba

Japanese song

Umi Yukaba

Sung by the Tokyo Music School band (now the Tokyo University of the Arts)

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"Umi Yukaba"
Song
Genre	Gunka
Composer(s)	Kiyoshi Nobutoki, 1937
Lyricist(s)	Ōtomo no Yakamochi, AD 759

"Umi Yukaba" (海行かば) is a Japanese song whose lyrics are based on a chōka poem by Ōtomo no Yakamochi in the Man'yōshū (poem 4094), an eighth century anthology of Japanese poetry, set to music by Kiyoshi Nobutoki.

History

The poem is part of Ōtomo no Yakamochi's famous long poem celebrating the imperial edict on the discovery of gold in Michinoku province (modern Tohoku) in 749. The distant ancestors of the Ōtomo clan were known as masters of the royal Kume guard.^[1] The poem reflects their pledge to serve their sovereign.

"Umi Yukaba" later became popular among the military, especially with the Imperial Japanese Navy. As set to music in 1937 by Kiyoshi Nobutoki (信時潔, Nobutoki Kiyoshi) it became popular during and also after World War II. After Japan surrendered in 1945, "Umi Yukaba" and other gunka were banned by the Allied occupation forces. With the ending of the occupation, the song has now been widely played across military circles in Japan, including performances by the Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force.^[2]

Prior to Nobutoki’s composition, the poem had been set to music in the trio section of the Gunkan kōshinkyoku.

Lyrics

Umi yukaba / Mizuku kabane /
Yama yukaba / Kusa musu kabane/
Ookimi no / he ni koso shiname /
Kaerimi wa seji

At sea be my body water-soaked,
On land be it with grass overgrown.
Let me die by the side of my Sovereign!
Never will I look back.^[3]

海行かば水漬く屍 /
山行かば草生す屍 /
大君の / 辺にこそ死なめ /
かえりみは / せじ

In popular culture

Umi Yukaba is also the name of a 1983 Japanese film.
"Umi Yukaba" is featured in the 1970 film, Tora! Tora! Tora!.

References

^ Doe, Paula; Dee, Paula; Ōtomo, Yakamochi (1 January 1982). A Warbler's Song in the Dusk: The Life and Work of Ōtomo Yakamochi (718–785). University of California Press. ISBN 9780520043466 – via Google Books.
^ idealjapan (16 November 2010). "第五十九回掃海殉職者追悼式 Video 07 海行かば". Archived from the original on 15 December 2021. Retrieved 11 November 2018 – via YouTube.
^ (Keene.)"Manyoshu" – via Internet Archive.

External links

Umi Yukaba from Victory in the Pacific, PBS documentary on World War II
Kiyoshi Nobutoki Research guide in Japanese only
Nihonkai daikaisen: Umi yukaba from IMDB
The Emperor and Empress's Visit to Saipan account of an elderly Chamorro man singing Umi yukaba

Mass suicide

Known