Equidae

Keluarga Kuda
Kuda
Zebra
Keledai
Klasifikasi ilmiah
Kerajaan:
Animalia
Filum:
Chordata
Kelas:
Mammalia
Ordo:
Perissodactyla
Famili:
Equidae

Gray, 1821
Subfamili

Lihat teks

Equidae adalah famili binatang yang termasuk ke dalam ordo Perissodactyla. Famili ini kadang-kadang disebut sebagai Keluarga Kuda. Beberapa hewan yang masuk dalam genus ini adalah Kuda, keledai, zebra[1], dan onager. Tiga hewan itu masuk ke dalam genus Equus.

Daftar Subfamili Beserta Genusnya

Subfamili Eohippinae (Punah)

      • Genus Epihippus (Punah)
      • Genus Haplohippus (Punah)
      • Genus Eohippus (Punah)
      • Genus Minippus (Punah) [2]

Subfamili Propalaeotheriinae (Punah)

      • Genus Orohippus (Punah)
      • Genus Pliolophus (Punah)
      • Genus Protorohippus (Punah)
      • Genus Sifrhippus (Punah)
      • Genus Xenicohippus (Punah) [2]
      • Genus Eurohippus (Punah)
      • Genus Propalaeotherium? (Punah) [3]

Subfamili Anchitheriinae (Punah)

      • Genus Anchitherium (Punah)
      • Genus Archaeohippus (Punah)
      • Genus Desmatippus (Punah)
      • Genus Hypohippus (Punah)
      • Genus Kalobatippus (Punah)
      • Genus Megahippus (Punah)
      • Genus Mesohippus (Punah)
      • Genus Miohippus (Punah)
      • Genus Parahippus (Punah)
      • Genus Sinohippus (Punah)

Subfamili Equinae

      • Genus Merychippus (Punah)
      • Genus Scaphohippus (Punah)
      • Genus Acritohippus (Punah)
  • Tribus Hipparionini (Punah)
      • Genus Eurygnathohippus (Punah)
      • Genus Hipparion (Punah)
      • Genus Hippotherium (Punah)
      • Genus Nannippus (Punah)
      • Genus Neohipparion (Punah)
      • Genus Proboscidipparion (Punah)
      • Genus Pseudhipparion (Punah)
  • Tribus Equini
      • Genus Haringtonhippus

(Punah)[4]

      • Genus Heteropliohippus (Punah)[5]
      • Genus Parapliohippus

(Punah) [5]

    • Subtribus Protohippina
      • Genus Calippus (Punah)
      • Genus Protohippus (Punah)
    • Subtribus Equina
      • Genus Astrohippus (Punah)
      • Genus Dinohippus (Punah)
      • Genus Equus (22 species, 7 extant)
          • Equus ferus
            • Equus ferus caballus
            • Equus ferus ferus (Punah)
            • Equus ferus przewalskii
          • Equus algericus(Punah)[6]
          • Equus alaskae (Punah)
          • Equus lambei (Punah)
          • Equus niobrarensis (Punah)
          • Equus scotti (Punah)
          • Equus conversidens (Punah)
          • Equus semiplicatus (Punah)
        • Subgenus Amerhippus (this subgenus and its species are possibly synonymous with E. ferus)(Punah) [7]
          • Equus andium (Punah)
          • Equus neogeus (Punah)
          • Equus insulatus (Punah)
        • Subgenus Asinus
          • Equus africanus
            • Equus africanus africanus
            • Equus africanus asinus
            • Equus africanus atlanticus (Punah)
            • Equus africanus somalicus
          • Equus hemionus
            • Equus hemionus hemionus
            • Equus hemionus hemippus (Punah)
            • Equus hemionus khur
            • Equus hemionus kulan
            • Equus hemionus onager
          • Equus kiang
            • Equus kiang chu
            • Equus kiang kiang
            • Equus kiang holdereri
            • Equus kiang polyodon
          • Equus hydruntinus (Punah)
          • Equus altidens (Punah)
          • Equus tabeti (Punah)
          • Equus melkiensis (Punah)
          • Equus graziosii (Punah)
        • Subgenus Hippotigris[a]
          • Equus grevyi
          • Equus koobiforensis (Punah)
          • Equus oldowayensis (Punah)
          • Equus quagga
            • Equus quagga boehmi
            • Equus quagga borensis
            • Equus quagga burchellii
            • Equus quagga chapmani
            • Equus quagga crawshayi
            • Equus quagga quagga (Punah)
            • Equus quagga selousi
          • Equus zebra
            • Equus zebra hartmannae
            • Equus zebra zebra
          • Equus capensis (Punah)
          • Equus mauritanicus (Punah)
        • Subgenus Parastylidequus (Punah)
          • Equus parastylidens (Punah)
        • Subgenus Sussemionus (Punah) [10]
          • Equus ovodovi(Punah)[11]
        • Penempatan tidak pasti :
          • Equus simplicidens (Punah)
          • Equus cumminsii (Punah)
          • Equus livenzovensis (Punah)
          • Equus sanmeniensis (Punah)
          • Equus teilhardi (Punah)
          • Equus numidicus (Punah)
          • Equus plicidens (Punah)
          • Equus cedralensis (Punah)
          • Equus stenonis (Punah)
            • Equus stenonis guthi (Punah)
            • Equus stenonis senezensis (Punah)
            • Equus stenonis pamirensis (Hippotigris pamirensis) (Punah)
            • Equus stenonis petraloniensis (Punah)
            • Equus stenonis vireti (Punah)
          • Equus sivalensis (Punah)
          • Equus stehlini (Punah)
          • Equus sussenbornensis (Punah)
          • Equus verae (Punah)
          • Equus namadicus (Punah)
        • subgenus Allozebra (Punah)
          • Equus occidentalis (Punah)
          • Equus excelsus (Punah)
        • subgenus Hesperohippus (Punah)
          • Equus pacificus (Punah)
          • Equus mexicanus (Punah)
          • Equus complicatus (Punah)
          • Equus fraternus (Punah)[12]
          • Equus major (Punah)
          • Equus giganteus (Punah)
          • Equus pectinatus (Punah)
          • Equus crenidens (Punah)
      • Genus Hippidion (Punah)
      • Genus Onohippidium (Punah)
      • Genus Pliohippus (Punah)

Daftar pustaka

  • Burke, et al. 2003. The systematic position of Equus hydruntinus, an extinct species of Pleistocene equid. Quaternary Research 59(3):459-469.
  • Duncan, P. (ed.). 1992. Zebras, Asses, and Horses: an Action Plan for the Conservation of Wild Equids. IUCN/SSC Equid Specialist Group. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland.
  • Equid Specialist Group 1996. Equus ferus. In: IUCN 2004. 2004 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.<www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloaded on 21 January 2006.
  • Equid Specialist Group 1996. Equus ferus ssp. przewalskii. In: IUCN 2004. 2004 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.<www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloaded on 21 January 2006.
  • Groves, C.P. & Bell, H.B. 2004. New investigations on the taxonomy of the zebras genus Equus, subgenus Hippotigris. Mammalian Biology. 69: 182-196.
  • Higuchi et al. 1987. Mitochondrial DNA of the Extinct Quagga: Relatedness and Extent of Postmortem Change. Journal of Molecular Evolution 25:283-287.
  • International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature. 2003. Opinion 2027 (Case 3010). Usage of 17 specific names based on wild species which are pre-dated by or contemporary with those based on domestic animals (Lepidoptera, Osteichthyes, Mammalia): conserved. Bull.Zool.Nomencl., 60:81-84.
  • Moehlman, P.D. 2002. Equids. Zebras, Assess and Horses. Status Survey and Conservation Action Plan. IUCN/SSC Equid Specialist Group. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland. (http://www.iucn.org/themes/ssc/publications/actionplans.htm#Equids2002 Diarsipkan 2007-12-15 di Wayback Machine.)
  • Orlando, et al. 2006. Geographic distribution of an extinct equid (Equus hydruntinus: Mammalia, Equidae) revealed by morphological and genetical analyses of fossils. Molecular Ecology 15(8):2083-2093.
Pengidentifikasi takson
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Referensi

  1. ^ Parker, Sybil, P (1984). McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Biology. McGraw-Hill Company. hlm. 124.  Parameter |url-status= yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (bantuan)
  2. ^ a b Froehlich, D.J. (February 2002). "Quo vadis eohippus? The systematics and taxonomy of the early Eocene equids (Perissodactyla)". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 134 (2): 141–256. doi:10.1046/j.1096-3642.2002.00005.x alt=Dapat diakses gratis. 
  3. ^ Remy, Jean A.; Krasovec, Gabriel; Marandat, Bernard (2016). "A new species of Propalaeotherium (Palaeotheriidae, Perissodactyla, Mammalia) from the Middle Eocene locality of Aumelas (Hérault, France)". Palaeovertebrata. 40 (2): e1. doi:10.18563/pv.40.2.e1. 
  4. ^ Hay, Oliver P. (1915). "Contributions to the Knowledge of the Mammals of the Pleistocene of North America". Proceedings of the United States National Museum. 48 (2086): 535–549. DOI:10.5479/si.00963801.48-2086.515
  5. ^ a b Bravo-Cuevas, V.M.; Ferrusquía-Villafranca, I. (2010). "The oldest record of Equini (Mammalia: Equidae) from Mexico" (PDF). Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Geológicas. 27 (3): 593–603. Diakses tanggal 14 August 2020. 
  6. ^ Aouraghe, Hassan; et al. (1999). "Les équidés du Pléstocène supérior de la grotte Zouhrah à El Harhoura, Maroc". Quaternaire (dalam bahasa Prancis). 10: 283–292. doi:10.3406/quate.1999.1649. 
  7. ^ Orlando, L.; et al. (2008). "Ancient DNA Clarifies the Evolutionary History of American Late Pleistocene Equids". Journal of Molecular Evolution. 66 (5): 533–538. Bibcode:2008JMolE..66..533O. doi:10.1007/s00239-008-9100-x. PMID 18398561.  Parameter |s2cid= yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (bantuan)
  8. ^ Vilstrup, Julia T.; et al. (2013). "Mitochondrial Phylogenomics of Modern and Ancient Equids". PLOS ONE. 8 (2): e55950. Bibcode:2013PLoSO...855950V. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0055950 alt=Dapat diakses gratis. PMC 3577844 alt=Dapat diakses gratis. PMID 23437078. 
  9. ^ Groves, C. P.; Bell, C. H. (2004). "New investigations on the taxonomy of the zebras genus Equus, subgenus Hippotigris". Mammalian Biology. 69 (3): 182–196. doi:10.1078/1616-5047-00133. 
  10. ^ Eisenmann, Vera (March 2010). "Sussemionus, a new subgenus of Equus (Perissodactyla, Mammalia)". Comptes Rendus Biologies. 333 (3): 235–240. doi:10.1016/j.crvi.2009.12.013. PMID 20338542. 
  11. ^ Eisenmann, Vera; Vasilijiev, Sergej (September 2011). "Unexpected finding of a new Equus species (Mammalia, Perissodactyla) belonging to a supposedly extinct subgenus in late Pleistocene deposits of Khakassia (Southwestern Siberia)". Geodiversitas. 33 (3): 519–530. doi:10.5252/g2011n3a5.  Parameter |s2cid= yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (bantuan)
  12. ^ "Fossilworks: Equus fraternus". fossilworks.org. Diakses tanggal 17 December 2021. 


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