Keratin 15

Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

KRT15

Identifiers

Aliases

KRT15, CK15, K15, K1CO, keratin 15

External IDs

OMIM: 148030; MGI: 96689; HomoloGene: 1712; GeneCards: KRT15; OMA:KRT15 - orthologs

Gene location (Human)

Chr.	Chromosome 17 (human)^[1]

Band	17q21.2	Start	41,513,745 bp^[1]
Band	17q21.2	End	41,522,529 bp^[1]

Gene location (Mouse)

Chr.	Chromosome 11 (mouse)^[2]

Band	11 D\|11 63.41 cM	Start	100,022,584 bp^[2]
Band	11 D\|11 63.41 cM	End	100,026,754 bp^[2]

RNA expression pattern

Bgee

Human

Mouse (ortholog)

Top expressed in

skin of abdomen

gums

cervix epithelium

vulva

nipple

oral cavity

hair follicle

lactiferous duct

human penis

body of tongue

Top expressed in

conjunctival fornix

skin of abdomen

esophagus

cornea

skin of back

belly cord

trachea

ciliary body

condyle

More reference expression data

BioGPS

n/a

Gene ontology
Molecular function	scaffold protein binding structural constituent of cytoskeleton protein binding structural molecule activity
Cellular component	extracellular exosome intermediate filament nucleus cytosol
Biological process	epidermis development cytoskeleton organization keratinization cornification
Sources:Amigo / QuickGO

Orthologs

Species

Human

Mouse

Entrez


3866


16665

Ensembl


ENSG00000171346


ENSMUSG00000054146

UniProt


P19012


Q61414

RefSeq (mRNA)


NM_002275


NM_008469

RefSeq (protein)


NP_002266


NP_032495

Location (UCSC)

Chr 17: 41.51 – 41.52 Mb

Chr 11: 100.02 – 100.03 Mb

PubMed search

^[3]

^[4]

Wikidata

View/Edit Human

View/Edit Mouse

Keratin 15 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the KRT15 gene.^[5]^[6] It has also been referred to as cytokeratin 15, K1CO and KRTB.

Keratin 15 is a type I cytokeratin. It is well-expressed in the basal layer of complex epithelia. However, acral keratinocytes express little to no keratin 15.^[7]

References

^ ^a ^b ^c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000171346 – Ensembl, May 2017
^ ^a ^b ^c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000054146 – Ensembl, May 2017
^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^ Barletta C, Batticane N, Ragusa RM, Leube R, Peschle C, Romano V (1990). "Subchromosomal localization of two human cytokeratin genes (KRT4 and KRT15) by in situ hybridization". Cytogenetics and Cell Genetics. 54 (3–4): 148–150. doi:10.1159/000132979. PMID 1702379.
^ Schweizer J, Bowden PE, Coulombe PA, Langbein L, Lane EB, Magin TM, et al. (July 2006). "New consensus nomenclature for mammalian keratins". The Journal of Cell Biology. 174 (2): 169–174. doi:10.1083/jcb.200603161. PMC 2064177. PMID 16831889.
^ Merleev AA, Le ST, Alexanian C, Toussi A, Xie Y, Marusina AI, et al. (August 2022). "Biogeographic and disease-specific alterations in epidermal lipid composition and single-cell analysis of acral keratinocytes". JCI Insight. 7 (16): e159762. doi:10.1172/jci.insight.159762. PMC 9462509. PMID 35900871.

Radoja N, Stojadinovic O, Waseem A, Tomic-Canic M, Milisavljevic V, Teebor S, Blumenberg M (April 2004). "Thyroid hormones and gamma interferon specifically increase K15 keratin gene transcription". Molecular and Cellular Biology. 24 (8): 3168–3179. doi:10.1128/MCB.24.8.3168-3179.2004. PMC 381600. PMID 15060141.
Rual JF, Venkatesan K, Hao T, Hirozane-Kishikawa T, Dricot A, Li N, et al. (October 2005). "Towards a proteome-scale map of the human protein-protein interaction network". Nature. 437 (7062): 1173–1178. Bibcode:2005Natur.437.1173R. doi:10.1038/nature04209. PMID 16189514. S2CID 4427026.
Rittié L, Stoll SW, Kang S, Voorhees JJ, Fisher GJ (December 2009). "Hedgehog signaling maintains hair follicle stem cell phenotype in young and aged human skin". Aging Cell. 8 (6): 738–751. doi:10.1111/j.1474-9726.2009.00526.x. hdl:2027.42/78718. PMID 20050020. S2CID 8832389.
Waseem A, Dogan B, Tidman N, Alam Y, Purkis P, Jackson S, et al. (March 1999). "Keratin 15 expression in stratified epithelia: downregulation in activated keratinocytes". The Journal of Investigative Dermatology. 112 (3): 362–369. doi:10.1046/j.1523-1747.1999.00535.x. PMID 10084315.
Blumenberg M, Savtchenko ES (1986). "Linkage of human keratin genes". Cytogenetics and Cell Genetics. 42 (1–2): 65–71. doi:10.1159/000132253. PMID 2424675.
Marchuk D, McCrohon S, Fuchs E (March 1985). "Complete sequence of a gene encoding a human type I keratin: sequences homologous to enhancer elements in the regulatory region of the gene". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 82 (6): 1609–1613. Bibcode:1985PNAS...82.1609M. doi:10.1073/pnas.82.6.1609. PMC 397321. PMID 2580298.
Bader BL, Jahn L, Franke WW (December 1988). "Low level expression of cytokeratins 8, 18 and 19 in vascular smooth muscle cells of human umbilical cord and in cultured cells derived therefrom, with an analysis of the chromosomal locus containing the cytokeratin 19 gene". European Journal of Cell Biology. 47 (2): 300–319. PMID 2468493.
Choi CW, Park HS, Kim YK, Lee SH, Cho KH (August 2008). "Elastic fiber staining and cytokeratin 15 expression pattern in trichoepithelioma and basal cell carcinoma". The Journal of Dermatology. 35 (8): 499–502. doi:10.1111/j.1346-8138.2008.00510.x. PMID 18789069. S2CID 36019385.
Romano V, Bosco P, Rocchi M, Costa G, Leube RE, Franke WW, Romeo G (1988). "Chromosomal assignments of human type I and type II cytokeratin genes to different chromosomes". Cytogenetics and Cell Genetics. 48 (3): 148–151. doi:10.1159/000132612. PMID 2466616.
Leube RE, Bader BL, Bosch FX, Zimbelmann R, Achtstaetter T, Franke WW (April 1988). "Molecular characterization and expression of the stratification-related cytokeratins 4 and 15". The Journal of Cell Biology. 106 (4): 1249–1261. doi:10.1083/jcb.106.4.1249. PMC 2114990. PMID 2452170.
Hanukoglu I, Fuchs E (November 1982). "The cDNA sequence of a human epidermal keratin: divergence of sequence but conservation of structure among intermediate filament proteins". Cell. 31 (1): 243–252. doi:10.1016/0092-8674(82)90424-X. PMID 6186381. S2CID 35796315.
Celis JE, Gromova I, Cabezón T, Gromov P, Shen T, Timmermans-Wielenga V, et al. (December 2007). "Identification of a subset of breast carcinomas characterized by expression of cytokeratin 15: relationship between CK15+ progenitor/amplified cells and pre-malignant lesions and invasive disease". Molecular Oncology. 1 (3): 321–349. doi:10.1016/j.molonc.2007.09.004. PMC 5543867. PMID 19383306.
Werner S, Munz B (January 2000). "Suppression of keratin 15 expression by transforming growth factor beta in vitro and by cutaneous injury in vivo". Experimental Cell Research. 254 (1): 80–90. doi:10.1006/excr.1999.4726. PMID 10623468.
Whittock NV, Eady RA, McGrath JA (January 2000). "Genomic organization and amplification of the human keratin 15 and keratin 19 genes". Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications. 267 (1): 462–465. doi:10.1006/bbrc.1999.1966. PMID 10623642.
Al-Refu K, Goodfield M (May 2009). "Hair follicle stem cells in the pathogenesis of the scarring process in cutaneous lupus erythematosus". Autoimmunity Reviews. 8 (6): 474–477. doi:10.1016/j.autrev.2008.12.015. PMID 19162247.

Proteins of the cytoskeleton

Human

Microfilaments
and ABPs

Myofilament

Actins	A1 A2 B C1 G1 G2
Myosins	I MYO1A MYO1B MYO1C MYO1D MYO1E MYO1F MYO1G MYO1H) II MYH1 MYH2 MYH3 MYH4 MYH6 MYH7 MYH7B MYH8 MYH9 MYH10 MYH11 MYH13 MYH14 MYH15 MYH16 III MYO3A MYO3B V MYO5A MYO5B MYO5C VI MYO6 VII MYO7A MYO7B IX MYO9A MYO9B X MYO10 XV MYO15A XVIII MYO18A MYO18B LC MYL1 MYL2 MYL3 MYL4 MYL5 MYL6 MYL6B MYL7 MYL9 MYLIP MYLK MYLK2 MYLL1
Other	Tropomodulin 1 2 3 4 Troponin T 1 2 3 C 1 2 I 1 2 3 Tropomyosin 1 2 3 4 Actinin 1 2 3 4 Arp2/3 complex actin depolymerizing factors Cofilin 1 2 Destrin Gelsolin Profilin 1 2 Titin

Other

Intermediate
filaments

Type 1/2
(Keratin,
Cytokeratin)

Epithelial keratins (soft alpha-keratins)	type I/chromosome 17 9 10 12 13 14 15 16 17 19 20 chromosome 12 18 none 21 type II/chromosome 12 1 2A 3 4 5 6A 6B 6C 7 8
Hair keratins (hard alpha-keratins)	type I/chromosome 17 31 32 33A 33B 34 35 36 37 38 type II/chromosome 12 81 82 83 84 85 86
Ungrouped alpha	chromosome 17 23 24 25 26 27 28 39 40 chromosome 12 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80
Not alpha	Beta-keratin

Type 3

Type 4

Type 5

Microtubules
and MAPs

Tubulins	TUBA1A TUBA1B TUBA1C TUBA3C TUBA3D TUBA3E TUBA4A TUBA8 TUBB TUBB1 TUBB2A TUBB2B TUBB2C TUBB3 TUBB4 TUBB4Q TUBB6 TUBB8 TUBG1 TUBG2 TUBGCP2 TUBGCP3 TUBGCP4 TUBGCP5 TUBGCP6 TUBD1 TUBE1
MAPs	EB1 EB2 EB3 MAP1A MAP1B MAP2 MAP4
Kinesins	KIF1A KIF1B KIF2A KIF2C KIF3B KIF3C KIF4A KIF4B KIF5A KIF5B KIF5C KIF6 KIF7 KIF9 KIF11 KIF12 KIF13A KIF13B KIF14 KIF15 KIF16B KIF17 KIF18A KIF18B KIF19 KIF20A KIF20B KIF21A KIF21B KIF22 KIF23 KIF24 KIF25 KIF26A KIF26B KIF27 KIFC1 KIFC2 KIFC3
Dyneins	axonemal: DNAH1 DNAH2 DNAH3 DNAH5 DNAH6 DNAH7 DNAH8 DNAH9 DNAH10 DNAH11 DNAH12 DNAH13 DNAH14 DNAH17 DNAI1 DNAI2 DNALI1 DNAL1 DNAL4 cytoplasmic: DYNC1H1 DYNC2H1 DYNC1I1 DYNC1I2 DYNC1LI1 DYNC1LI2 DYNC2LI1 DYNLL1 DYNLL2 DYNLRB1 DYNLRB2 DYNLT1 DYNLT3
Microtubule organising proteins	CAMSAP1 CAMSAP2 CAMSAP3 Centrin 1 Centrin 2 Centrin 3 PCM1
Microtubule severing proteins	Katanin Spastin
Other	Tau protein Dynactin DCTN1 Stathmin Tektin TEKT1 TEKT2 TEKT3 TEKT4 TEKT5 Dynamin DNM1 DNM2 DNM3